A Leader-Follower Game-Based Life Cycle Optimization Framework and Application

Multi-criteria design of shale-gas-water supply chains and production systems towards optimal life cycle economics and greenhouse gas emissions under uncertainty

In this work, we propose a general modeling framework for the economic and environmental life cycle optimization of supply chains and product systems with noncooperative stakeholders. This framework is based on the functional-unit-based life cycle optimization approach and the leader–follower Stackelberg game structure to capture the decentralized feature and noncooperative relationships between multiple stakeholders across the product life cycle. The leader enjoys the priority of decision-making to optimize both its own economic performance and the life cycle environmental performance of the supply chain or product system. After the observation of leader’s decisions, the follower takes actions correspondingly to optimize its own economic performance. The resulting problem is formulated as a mixed-integer bilevel fractional program to account for conflicting objectives and interactions among different stakeholders. Design and operational decisions for both leader and follower are taken into consideration,...

Life Cycle Optimisation from A Noncooperative Perspective: Game Theory-Based Models and Applications

As global warming becomes increasingly severe, environmental consciousness has become critical in the design and operation of globally integrated supply chain networks. Product Carbon Footprint is defined as the life cycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions of goods and services and it can be considered as a simplified life cycle assessment restricted to a single impact category. In order for companies to better confront GHG emission issues, calculating product carbon footprint and analysing how various parameters affect the carbon footprint over the entire life cycle of a product is necessary. This paper studies the carbon footprint across supply chains and proposes a method of production carbon footprint analysis in a supply chain based on life cycle assessment, including the following: taking product life cycle as the span of carbon footprint analysis, with all kinds of complex information system as objects and then carrying out the carbon footprint knowledge extraction according to the concept model format in physical database; building a carbon footprint analysis ontology, which is related to product life cycle in supply chain environment; calculating the quantification of carbon footprint through GHG emissions over the entire life cycle, and designing a tool for product carbon footprint in supply chain environment.

As global warming becomes increasingly severe, environmental consciousness has become critical in the design and operation of globally integrated supply chain networks. Product Carbon Footprint is defined as the life cycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions of goods and services and it can be considered as a simplified life cycle assessment restricted to a single impact category. In order for companies to better confront GHG emission issues, calculating product carbon footprint and analysing how various parameters affect the carbon footprint over the entire life cycle of a product is necessary. This paper studies the carbon footprint across supply chains and proposes a method of production carbon footprint analysis in a supply chain based on life cycle assessment, including the following: taking product life cycle as the span of carbon footprint analysis, with all kinds of complex information system as objects and then carrying out the carbon footprint knowledge extraction according to the concept model format in physical database; building a carbon footprint analysis ontology, which is related to product life cycle in supply chain environment; calculating the quantification of carbon footprint through GHG emissions over the entire life cycle, and designing a tool for product carbon footprint in supply chain environment.

Plastics and climate change—Breaking carbon lock-ins through three mitigation pathways

Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of China shale gas

Addressing the social life cycle inventory analysis data gap: Insights from a case study of cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Toward carbon mitigation resiliency in the agriculture sector: An integrated LCA-GHG protocol-IPCC guidelines framework for biofertilizer application in paddy field.

Well-to-wheel life cycle assessment of transportation fuels derived from different North American conventional crudes

Addressing global environmental impacts including land use change in life cycle optimization: Studies on biofuels

This study estimates the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the production ofMarcellus shale natural gas and compares its emissions with national average US naturalgas emissions produced in the year 2008, prior to any significant Marcellus shaledevelopment. We estimate that the development and completion of a typical Marcellusshale well results in roughly 5500 t of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions or about 1.8 g CO2e/MJ of gas produced, assuming conservative estimates of the production lifetime of a typical well.This represents an 11% increase in GHG emissions relative to average domestic gas (excludingcombustion) and a 3% increase relative to the life cycle emissions when combustion is included.The life cycle GHG emissions of Marcellus shale natural gas are estimated to be 63–75 g CO2e/MJ of gas produced withan average of 68 g CO2e/MJ of gas produced. Marcellus shale natural gas GHG emissions are comparable tothose of imported liquefied natural gas. Natural gas from the Marcellus shale hasgenerally lower life cycle GHG emissions than coal for production of electricity inthe absence of any effective carbon capture and storage processes, by 20–50%depending upon plant efficiencies and natural gas emissions variability. There issignificant uncertainty in our Marcellus shale GHG emission estimates due to eventualproduction volumes and variability in flaring, construction and transportation.

Assessment of greenhouse gas emissions of ventilated timber wall constructions based on parametric LCA

Environmental and economic assessment of torrefied wood pellets from British Columbia

Information and communications technology (ICT) has become an indispensable part of our lives. Prior research on climate impact of ICT devices and services mostly makes use of life cycle assessment and energy modeling frameworks focused on embodied greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Because these perspectives emphasize the GHGs emissions associated with the construction and distribution of digital devices along production supply chains, not much is known about the GHGs emissions monitored or facilitated by digital device use. In this study, we propose the concept of digital use supply chains (DUSCs) as an orthogonal dimension of digital devices’ life cycle. DUSC refers to the production activities and resource consumption recorded by digital devices. We propose a framework to conceptualize and quantify digital behavior-related GHGs emissions through use of the Screenomics paradigm, where users’ digital screen data are unobtrusively collected moment-by-moment. Through Screenomics’ granular recording of users’ digital behavior, we evaluate behavior-based GHGs emissions traced by the digital devices. DUSC connects individual’s digital behaviors to their global climate change impact, contributing to a more nuanced and complete evaluation of the climate impacts of the digital economy. Our single-case study indicates the estimated scale of the GHGs emissions linked to a user’s one-day digital activities could be three orders of magnitude (1000 times) higher than the emissions associated with the device life cycle alone. DUSC could enable climate change mitigation at a meaningful, actionable level through personalized educational or behavior change programs, and also facilitate novel data-driven feedback loops that may provide digital device users with insights into their personal climate impacts. Recognition and future study of DUSC could accelerate the quantification and standardization of a ‘carbon handprint’ of digital devices and create positive climate impacts from digital products and services.