Abstract
The laser polarization state (the polarization ellipticity and the polarization nonorthogonality) is an important source of nonlinearity in the heterodyne laser interferometer. This paper presents a laser polarization state measurement method based on the beat amplitude characteristic. For the application of this method only the peaks and valleys of the beat amplitude need to be detected, whereas measurement of the polarizer orientation is not necessary. The error analysis shows that the calculation accuracy of the formulas themselves are better than 0.01° and 0.001° for the ellipticity angles and the nonorthogonality angle, respectively, and the extended measurement uncertainties of the ellipticity angles and the nonorthogonality angle are about 0.03° and 0.04°, respectively.
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