Abstract
High demand of semiconductor gas sensor works at low operating temperature to as low as 100 °C has led to the fabrication of gas sensor based on TiO2 nanoparticles. A sensing film of gas sensor was prepared by mixing the sensing material, TiO2 (P25) and glass powder, and B2O3 with organic binder. The sensing film was annealed at temperature of 500 °C in 30 min. The morphological and structural properties of the sensing film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The gas sensor was exposed to hydrogen with concentration of 100–1000 ppm and was tested at different operating temperatures which are 100 °C, 200 °C, and 300 °C to find the optimum operating temperature for producing the highest sensitivity. The gas sensor exhibited p-type conductivity based on decreased current when exposed to hydrogen. The gas sensor showed capability in sensing low concentration of hydrogen to as low as 100 ppm at 100 °C.
Highlights
Detection of hydrogen in fuel cell, combustion engines and monitoring faults in transformer have gained incredible interest from many researchers especially from gas sensing area
It has been reported that effective sensing materials to sense hydrogen are based on palladium (Pd) [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15] and metal-oxide semiconductors (MOX) such as SnO2 [16,17,18,19], ZnO [20,21,22,23], TiO2 [24,25,26,27,28,29,30], WO3 [31], and NiO [32] because of their capability to detect hydrogen with low concentration and ability to work at room temperature
The gas sensor showed an showed an ability to perform at low operating temperatures, to as low as Responses ability to perform at low operating temperatures, to as low as 100 C
Summary
Detection of hydrogen in fuel cell, combustion engines and monitoring faults in transformer have gained incredible interest from many researchers especially from gas sensing area. Electrochemical and resistance-based technologies are the most preferred due to their ability to detect low hydrogen concentration and acceptable selectivity [2]. It has been reported that effective sensing materials to sense hydrogen are based on palladium (Pd) [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15] and metal-oxide semiconductors (MOX) such as SnO2 [16,17,18,19], ZnO [20,21,22,23], TiO2 [24,25,26,27,28,29,30], WO3 [31], and NiO [32] because of their capability to detect hydrogen with low concentration and ability to work at room temperature. Palladium is high sensitive to hydrogen; it has drawbacks such as hysteresis behavior in electrical resistance because of adsorption of hydrogen in the structure of Pd [5]
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