A hybrid one step voltage-adjustable transformerless inverter for a one-phase grid incorporation of wind and solar power

Potential of renewable energy sources and its applications in Yakushima Island

A solution to reduce the emission and generation cost of conventional fossil-fuel-based power generators is to integrate renewable energy sources into the electrical power system. This paper outlines an efficient hybrid particle swarm gray wolf optimizer (HPS-GWO)-based optimal power flow solution for a system combining solar photovoltaic (SPV) and wind energy (WE) sources with conventional fuel-based thermal generators (TGs). The output power of SPV and WE sources was forecasted using lognormal and Weibull probability density functions (PDFs), respectively. The two conventional fossil-fuel-based TGs are replaced with WE and SPV sources in the existing IEEE-30 bus system, and total generation cost, emission and power losses are considered the three main objective functions for optimization of the optimal power flow problem in each scenario. A carbon tax is imposed on the emission from fossil-fuel-based TGs, which results in a reduction in the emission from TGs. The results were verified on the modified test system that consists of SPV and WE sources. The simulation results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the suggested model and proposed hybrid optimizer. The results confirm the exploitation and exploration capability of the HPS-GWO algorithm. The results achieved from the modified system demonstrate that the use of SPV and WE sources in combination with fossil-fuel-based TGs reduces the total system generation cost and greenhouse emissions of the entire power system.

This paper proposes a new, metaheuristic optimization technique, Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimization (GTO), for a hybrid power system with photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy (WE) sources, solving the probabilistic optimum power flow (POPF) issue. First, the selected algorithm is developed and evaluated such that it applies to solve the classical optimum power flow (OPF) approach with the total fuel cost as the objective function. Second, the proposed algorithm is used for solving the POPF, including the PV and WE sources, considering the uncertainty of these renewable energy sources (RESs). The performance of the suggested algorithm was confirmed using the standard test systems IEEE 30-bus and 118-bus. Different scenarios involving different sets of the PV and WE sources and fixed and variable loads were considered in this study. The comparison of the obtained results from the suggested algorithm with other algorithms mentioned in this literature has confirmed the efficiency and performance of the proposed algorithm for providing optimal solutions for a hybrid power system. Furthermore, the results showed that the penetration of the PV and WE sources in the system significantly reduces the total cost of the system.

<span>This paper presents a</span><span lang="EN-US"> voltage </span><span>sensitivity analysis </span><span lang="EN-US">with respect to the real power injected </span><span>with</span><span lang="EN-US"> renewable energies</span><span> to determine the optimal integration of distributed generation (DG) in distribution systems (DS).</span><span> <span lang="EN-US">The best nodes where the power injections improve voltages magnitudes complying with the constraints are determined.</span></span><span> As it is a combinatorial problem, p</span><span lang="EN-US">article swarm optimization (PSO) and simulated annealing (SA) were used to change injections from 10% to 60% of the total power load using solar and wind generators and find the candidate nodes for installing </span><span>power </span><span lang="EN-US">sources. The method was tested using the 33-node, 69-node and 118-node radial distribution networks. The results showed that the best nodes for injecting real power with renewable energies were selected for the distribution network</span><span> by using the voltage sensitivity analysis</span><span lang="EN-US">. Algorithms found the best nodes for the three radial distribution </span><span>networks</span><span lang="EN-US"> with similar</span><span> values in the maximum injection of real</span><span lang="EN-US"> power</span><span>, suggesting that this value maintains for all the power system cases</span><span lang="EN-US">. The injections applied to the different nodes showed that voltage magnitudes increase significantly, especially when exceeding the maximum penetration of DG. The test showed that some nodes support injections up to the limits, but the voltages increase considerably on all nodes.</span>

The increasing need for sustainable and efficient water pumping solutions in remote and rural regions has led to the investigation of hybrid renewable energy systems. This document offers an extensive analysis of a grid-connected water pumping system that utilizes a combination of photovoltaic, wind, and diesel energy sources, powered by an induction motor. The suggested system utilizes the synergistic characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy sources, augmented by a diesel generator to guarantee uninterrupted and dependable functionality. We commence by outlining the system architecture, which incorporates PV panels, a wind turbine, and a diesel generator linked via a shared DC bus, interfacing with an AC grid. The water pump is powered by an induction motor, selected for its durability and minimal maintenance requirements. Sophisticated power electronic converters and controllers are utilized to regulate energy transfer and ensure optimal operating conditions. The study’s essential components encompass the modeling and simulation of the hybrid system across diverse environmental and load scenarios. We evaluate performance indicators including energy efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. The control strategy integrates Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for both the PV and wind subsystems, thereby optimizing the use of available renewable resources to their fullest potential. Furthermore, the diesel generator serves as a supplementary power source during times of inadequate renewable energy, thus improving the overall reliability of the system. The findings indicate that the suggested hybrid system markedly decreases reliance on fossil fuels, reduces operational expenses, and offers a sustainable alternative for water pumping applications. The environmental benefits, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions, are also highlighted. The research culminates in a discourse regarding the scalability and practicality of implementing such systems across various geographical regions, as well as potential enhancements and avenues for future investigation.

The last Deckard years developing Inverter technology for renewable energy and high efficiency and more improvement solar and wind power plant. Transformer less inverter technology is best and improves efficiency, power quality and reduces switching loss. single-phase grid connected transformerless photovoltaic (PV) inverter for residential application is presented. The inverter is derived from a boost cascaded with buck converter along with a line frequency unfolding circuitIn this research paper transformer less photovoltaic (PV) inverter is going to be more adopted in order to achieve high benefit. The selected inverters are the full-bridge inverter with bipolar modulation, full-bridge inverter with DC bypass and the Highly Efficient and Reliable Inverter Concept (HERIC). A low voltage single-phase grid-connected PV system is analyzed to verify the discussions.

In this work, the effects of renewable energy and electromobility integration into the power distribution network were analyzed. The energy systems (renewable energy sources and electromobility source systems) were modelled in a MATLAB/SIMULINK® environment. The modelled electric vehicle was simulated, and the total harmonic distortion (THD) was obtained before incorporating a passive electronic filter to lessen the effect of electric vehicle (EV) integration on the distribution network. Similarly, renewable energy sources (solar photovoltaic and wind) were integrated into the electromobility model, and their effects on the THD value were determined. It was discovered that the total harmonic distortion was within the acceptable International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard of 5% when the electromobility source had a passive filter incorporated. It was discovered that the filter reduces the THD value from 195% to 0.03% both in Vehicle-to-Grid and Grid-to-Vehicle modes. Thus, filters should be incorporated into EVs to minimize the effect of their integration into the distribution network. This research work is unique because it combines the effects of electromobility (electric vehicle) load, renewable energy sources and passive filters on harmonics.

Frequency spectra based approach to analytical formulation and minimization of voltage THD in staircase modulated multilevel inverters

<p><span lang="EN-US">This article consists of studying the reliability of the Moroccan electricity grid as well as verifying the plan of production for 2030. To propose an adequate production plan for 2050, a production plan where renewable energies take a large place in the production park. Our objective is the planning and optimization of the Moroccan energy system with a strong integration of renewable energy sources or even 100% integration by guaranteeing the reliability of the electrical system. In this study, we evaluated the reliability of the Moroccan electricity grid in the presence of renewable electricity production based on the energy plan simulator supplemented by Monte Carlo simulations based on probabilistic approaches. The first part of this work consists of projecting demand for 2030-2050 and studying the impact of energy efficiency on forecasts. In the second part, we integrated the existing means of production and the projected demand on energy plan. In the third part we studied the reliability of the Moroccan electricity grid in the presence of the production of wind, solar photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar (CSP) electricity according to different stages of study (from 2017 to 2050).</span></p>

<span lang="EN-US">Multilevel inverters have the benefit of producing high output voltage values with little distortion. This paper deals with decreasing total harmonic distortion (THD) and providing an output voltage with various step levels switching devices. In this study, a 27-level inverter with three asymmetric H-Bridge was designed and simulated based on level shift sinusoidal pulse-width modulation and phase shift sinusoidal pulse-width modulation methods. MATLAB/Simulink has been used to create this model and test it at different types of loads. The results showed that a multilevel inverter with (PS-PWM) produces less (THD) than a multilevel with (LS-PWM), when the resistive load was used, the produced voltage and current THD in (PS-PWM) and (LS-PWM) are 3.02% and 4.30% respectively, that has resulted from the linearity between voltage and current in the resistive load. While in the case of applying an inductive load, the THD in the voltage is constant in both (PS-PWM) and (LS-PWM) methods and has the same values as the THD in a resistive load. However, the THD in the current with inductive load decreased to 2.79% in (PS-PWM) and 4.04% in (LS-PWM). Finally, these results show that the performance of the proposed power circuit with PS-PWM is better than (LS-PWM).</span>

<span lang="EN-US">This paper observe the total harmonic distortion (THD) performance of single phase five level inverter using proportional resonant (PR) and harmonic compensators current controller. The THD when adding PR current controller was 1.6% at first. After more functions were added to the PR current controller to reduce the THD at the 3<sup>rd</sup>, 5<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> harmonic orders, the THD of the 3<sup>rd</sup> harmonic order was reduced from 0.45% to 0.1% while the 5<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> harmonic orders were reduced from 0.6% and 0.43% to 0.25% and 0.4% respectively. The development and simulation is performed using Matlab/Simulink. The simulation result is performed by using Fast Fourier Transform analysis (FFT) for the harmonics captured.</span>

Optimal allocation of solar PV and wind energy power for radial distribution system using spider monkey optimization

The study presents circuitry modeling and methodology to integrate solar photovoltaic (PV) energy with grid (AC) sources to supplement household appliances during a power cut-off or restricted supply period and alternating charge deep cycle batteries. This paper discusses an FPGA-based Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) generator as a control mechanism for a PV/Battery full-bridge inverter. The inverter's efficacy is expressed as the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) ratio, which must be as low as possible. Various schemes are proposed to reduce THD to generate a more sinusoidal output wave. SPWM is mostly used in industrial inverters. Two SPWM techniques, Bipolar and unipolar, are compared under a variety of Modulation Index (MI) conditions and Carrier Frequency (fc) to analyze the best performance of the full-bridge inverter with less (THD) and smoother output sinewave. The present paper discusses the results of a simulation for a single-phase full-bridge inverter employing bipolar and unipolar SPWM techniques. The output waveform demonstrates that the Unipolar SPWM technique produces less Total harmonic Distortion than the Bipolar method, with THD 45% lower. ISE 14.7 and Matlab 2019 are used to present, simulate SPWM generating code, and implement the design on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), which acts as a controller for the Mosfet gates in the full-bridge inverter to constitute a sine wave without changing any hardware configuration in the circuit design. The system implementation of SPWM Pulse generation has been validated on Xilinx Spartan 6 FPGA (XC6SLX45) board using VHDL code. The final test on the system design for the SPWM generation program, after synthesis and compilation were finalized and verified on a prototype system.

In this paper, a new boost switched capacitor multilevel inverter is proposed. Two structures: a switched capacitor circuit & a two level (full bridge) inverter are connected in cascade. The proposed inverter outputs a larger output voltage than the input voltage. The inverter can be smaller than the conventional two-stage inverter, which consists of boost converter and a full bridge inverter. Number of switching devices used in the circuit is reduced as compared to the conventional cascaded multilevel inverter of same configuration. The multilevel dc output voltage of the switched capacitor circuit is the input voltage of the classical full bridge inverter, resulting in a staircase output voltage waveform. Such a multilevel waveform is close to a sinusoid; its harmonic content can be reduced when compared to the conventional multilevel inverter by using the pwm control strategy. The proposed inverter is driven by different multi carrier based techniques like PDPWM, PODPWM & APODPWM and total harmonic distortion (THD) of each type is compared. The simulation model is done using MATLAB 7.9/ SIMULINK package & results are shown.

The energy needs considerably increase with the economic development of a country. The promotion of renewable energy sources was enhanced because of global awareness of fossil fuel depletion and climate changes induced by their use. Renewable energy sources are, however, intermittent by nature. Alternative solutions such as the integration of renewable energy systems into the conventional electric grids have been recommended. The integration approach uses photovoltaic, wind, and other renewable energy sources to supply sustainable energy to the built spaces during peak loads or electric backup. In this article, we propose a new approach to manage the energy flow in a smart grid. Two algorithms were developed to manage the integration of renewable sources combined with a storage system in a conventional power grid. The first algorithm aims to smooth the consumption peak and reduce the extraction from the conventional grid, while the second aims to maximize the use of renewable energy depending on the energy demand. Reliability tests of the algorithm behavior have been conducted in comparison with the HOMER software, and the results show a maximum relative error of 4.78% on the management of grid extraction. These algorithms are based on scenarios and operational parameters to optimize the integration of renewable energy in the current electricity network. Their application will reduce the negative impact of fossil energy and enhance the energy transition.