Abstract
Development of the district heating system (DHS) is needed to achieve the Renewable Energy Directive goals. To maintain the economic profitability of DHN, the increase of intensity of heat production/consumption has to be ensured. Well, a known method is a cold production using an adsorption heat pump. However, developing a system suitable for implementation in the district heating companies is very difficult. As a solution, the authors propose a composite substation equipped with the adsorption heat pump and the heat/cold storage system based on a PCM.
Highlights
One of the possible ways to meet the targets specified in the Renewable Energy Directive [1] is the widespread use of district heating systems (DHSs), and recently many improvements of the technology have been reported [2,3].A typical profile of district heat demand in Poland is characterized by a huge ratio of winter to summer heat consumption (10:1) [4]
The substation is a key element of the district heating system, which is responsible for transferring heat from a medium that circulates in the DHS to the internal heating system inside buildings
The integration of adsorption heat pump with district heating system enables the increase of intensity of summer heat consumption
Summary
One of the possible ways to meet the targets specified in the Renewable Energy Directive [1] is the widespread use of district heating systems (DHSs), and recently many improvements of the technology have been reported [2,3]. The main focus of research is the integration of cooling systems with adsorption chillers driven by district heat – such concepts are reported in the literature as the (5th) generation of district heating systems [8][9]. The concept of the use of adsorption refrigeration units driven by heat from district heating systems instead of electrically driven chillers was scrutinized by Grzebielec et al [11]. To enable efficient conversion of low-temperature heat into cold during the summer, the Authors propose a hybrid air-conditioning system consisting of adsorption and compressor chiller. After applying the PCM, the difference in average return water temperature was reduced from 7.15K to a value of 2.29K This allowed the accumulation of 69.5% of excess heat and improved the efficiency of the entire heating system by 22%. The authors concluded the use of PCM accumulators gives the potential energy saving up to 6.7%
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