Abstract
Background and objectiveThe crude prevalence rate of stroke in Qena, Egypt, is high (922/100,000). For the first time, we estimate the frequency of aphasia following the first-ever ischemic stroke and its relationship to the site of lesion in Arabic-speaking countries.MethodsThe study was conducted on 180 acute or subacute ischemic stroke patients. Aphasia was diagnosed with the short form of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination after establishment of the cases (at least 10 days of stroke onset). Computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging were performed for topographic localization of stroke, and routine laboratory investigations were done to evaluate the possible stroke risk factors.ResultsThe frequency of post-stroke aphasia was recorded in 20%, and atrial fibrillation (AF) represents a high-risk factor for ischemic stroke with aphasia. The following categories were observed: global aphasia in 50%, motor aphasia in 27.7%, sensory aphasia in 11.1%, nominal aphasia in 2.8%, and conductive aphasia in 8.3%. Global aphasia was mainly associated with complete middle cerebral artery (MCA) territories infarction. Motor aphasia was associated mainly with frontal or frontoparietal operculum lesions as well as basal ganglionic lesions. Sensory aphasia was associated with temporal lobe lesions, inferior parietal lobe, and basal ganglia. Conductive aphasia showed lesions in the deep white matter of the frontal and parietal lobes. Anomic aphasia was associated with inferior parietal lobe lesion.ConclusionOur data are consistent with other reports as regards the frequency and risk factors of post-stroke aphasia. Atrial fibrillation represents a high-risk factor for ischemic strokes with aphasia. Global and motor aphasia are the major subtypes. The lesion locations are predictive of aphasia subtypes.
Highlights
Stroke is a major health problem in our country with the crude prevalence rate of stroke in Assiut and Qena being 963–922/ 100,000 [1, 2]
There was no significant association between aphasia and sex
There were no significant differences between patients with aphasia and patients without aphasia in any of the risk factors associated with stroke except in ischemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation (IHD and AF) with a significantly higher percentage of both factors in aphasic patients (Table 2)
Summary
Stroke is a major health problem in our country with the crude prevalence rate of stroke in Assiut and Qena being 963–922/ 100,000 [1, 2]. Stroke is the most common cause of aphasia due to damage to the language network of the brain. These include Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas in the left hemisphere and homologous areas in the right side. It has been estimated that about 21–38% of stroke patients develop aphasia [6, 7]. The crude prevalence rate of stroke in Qena, Egypt, is high (922/100,000). We estimate the frequency of aphasia following the first-ever ischemic stroke and its relationship to the site of lesion in Arabic-speaking countries
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