A Glimpse into a 15th-Century Goldsmith’s Workshop in Šibenik

Humans are perhaps the most social animals. Although some eusocial insects, herd mammals and seabirds live in colonies comprising millions of individuals, no other species lives in such a variety of social groups as Homo sapiens . We live in many different sized societies, from small, nomadic hunter

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Aknashen (autrefois appelé Khatunakh) est un petit village néolithique de la vallée de l’Ararat localisé à 25 km de Erevan (capitale de l’Arménie) et à 5 km au sud-ouest d’Echmiadzin (Vagharshapat). Aknashen est également situé à seulement six kilomètres d’un autre village néolithique qui lui est contemporain : Aratashen, site pour lequel nous avons récemment publié une étude tehnologique du matériel lithique en obsidienne.
 Des fouilles ont eu lieu chaque année à Aknashen depuis 2004. En ce qui concerne le matériel lithique, ces travaux ont permis de mettre au jour deux chaînes opératoires principales de matériel en obsidienne (matière très abondante dans cette région) : l’une est peu élaborée sur éclats (expedient tools) et l’autre concerne la confection de longues lames régulières selon plusieurs techniques de débitage. Le présent article portera sur l’industrie laminaire de longues lames régulières obtenues par différentes techniques : pression debout à la béquille, pression au levier et percussion indirecte. La ou les chaînes opératoires qui concernent ces artefacts ne peuvent être reconstituées en entier puisque des éléments manquent et nous ne pouvons pas savoir de façon absolue si par exemple les fines lames débitées par pression à la béquille ont été obtenues après le débitage et la réduction progressive de nucléus d’abord taillés par percussion indirecte, puis par pression au levier. Mais même si divers facteurs nous échappent, dont aussi notamment les lieux exacts où s’est déroulé le débitage, même si la présence d’une panoplie de produits de débitage laisse présumer que le tout se soit déployé en tout ou en partie sur le site, une étude attentive de ce matériel a permis de diagnostiquer les techniques utilisées, mais aussi d’observer le grand niveau de savoir-faire des spécialistes qui ont effectués ce travail de pointe. De façon générale, la pression à la béquille, ainsi que la percussion indirecte, sont les deux techniques d’obtention de longues lames les mieux connues, alors que la pression au levier, même si identifiées dans plusieurs cultures du Néolithique à l’Âge du bronze a fait l’objet de peu d’études de ce genre jusqu’ici. Non seulement ce savoir-faire de haut niveau gagne-t-il à être connu d’un point de vue technologique, mais la reconnaissance du débitage par pression au levier, peut justement constituer un marqueur culturel précieux pour en arriver à caractériser des cultures, des échanges et éventuellement des mouvements ou contacts entre populations.
 Dans le cadre de cet article, les principaux spécimens liés à l’identification de chaque technique seront présentés, décrits et commentés et ce matériel sera replacé dans une perspective plus large pour la compréhension de cette culture et de ses origines, autant d’un point de vue de l’histoire des techniques et des savoir-faire que pour la connaissance des origines de ce Néolithique encore mal connu. Comme ces recherches sont encore relativement jeunes, bien des aspects sont encore à confirmer et ceci fait partie de travaux qui se poursuivront dans les années à venir.

Taxonomy(from Greek ‘taxis’ meaning arrangement or division and ‘nomos’ meaninglaw) is the science of classification according to a pre-determined system. Inthis article taxonomy will be viewed as classification of thinking.Insteadof the traditional approach of directing instruction to the transmission ofknowledge and defining objectives in terms of content to be learnt,student-centred approach acknowledges what the student does. An instrument likea taxonomy can be used for planning, learning and assessment.Learningcan be categorized based on the complexity of the thought process used.Teachers apply Bloom's Taxonomy in the classroom to enhance students' knowledgeby helping them use increasingly complex reasoning. SOLO, which stands for theStructure of the Observed Learning Outcome, is essentially ahierarchy which has five stages or levels that attempts to assess the studentslearning based on the quality of their work. Theaim of the article is to study theoretically two taxonomies which complementeach other.Theobject of the research is similarities and diferences in SOLO and Bloom’sTaxonomy.Theresearch method used in the article is the analysis of scientific literature onSOLO and Bloom’s taxonomies.KEYWORDS:taxonomy, levels of thinking, learning.

Introduction: Malignant hyperthermia, although rare, is one of the most serious anesthetic emergencies, with potentially catastrophic clinical implications. Knowledge of its pathophysiology and early recognition and treatment by the professionals involved is essential. At Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, the concern for a systematized approach dates back almost 40 years, and the Malignant Hyperthermia protocol and its car have been implemented and constantly updated ever since. This article aims to describe the reality at the Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental and expose the evolution of our approach, protocoled and simulated, according to good clinical practice and safety rules, and based on current scientific evidence. Material and Methods: Creation of an institutional protocol and a specific Malignant Hyperthermia car, with all the necessary equipment and drugs, organized by each health professional involved. Finally, training of all the professionals through implementation of periodic clinical simulations. Results: Updated and synthesized information, allowing for a quick action during a Malignant Hyperthermia emergency. Transmission of knowledge and training of technical and non-technical skills through clinical simulation actions. Discussion/Conclusions: The existence of institutional protocols as well as the standardization and availability of all material and drugs in a specific car in the different places where anaesthetic techniques are performed, allows a faster, more efficient and organized performance. Likewise, the training of all the elements of an operating room, based on training and simulations, is an essential cornerstone for success in clinical practice.

<p>The article is devoted to the characterization of the specifics of the work of special institutions of higher education of Dnieper Ukraine on the edge of XIX‒XX centuries. In the process of scientific research, it has been established that the network of institutions of higher education of Dnieper Ukraine on the edge of XIX‒XX centuries was represented by three universities (Kharkiv, Kiev, Novorossiysk universities) and several institutes of special education subordinated to various departments of the Russian Empire, such as: Kharkiv Veterinary (1873), Nijensky History and Philology (1875), Kharkiv Technological (1885), Kiev Polytechnic (1898) universities. Features of the organizational and administrative structure and educational process of the mentioned types of institutions of higher education during the studied period were revealed on the basis of comparative and correlative analysis of scientific literature, archival sources. It has been established that, in contrast to universities, special institutions of higher education were guided in their work by separate statutes and regulations, which became more uniform at the beginning of the XX th century. This led to certain differences in the structure (lack of faculties, introduction of separation into departments), the definition of the composition and functions of governing bodies of higher education institutions (director, council or conference, board), formation of professorial teaching staff (professors, associate professors, private associate professors, adjuncts, graduates of secondary education institutions), awarding degrees (exclusively master's degree in veterinary studies), etc.<br>\nA number of peculiarities that characterized the organization of the educational process in institutions of special higher education was found: the development of special rules for admission to each particular educational institution, taking into account the professional orientation, the definition of the term of studies (4-5 years), the provision of preference to such forms of training as practical and laboratory classes, increase of the volume of different types of practices organized on the basis of industrial enterprises or special institutions. It has been found out that special institutions of higher education were distinguished by the system of evaluation and organization of control of educational and cognitive activity of students. Advantage was given to such forms of control as rehearsals, pass tests, project defence. The article also focuses on the regulation of the rules of the internal regulations in higher educational institutions, the rules of behaviour of students, the types of encouragements to study (state and nominal scholarships, exemptions from tuition fees), and penalties, among which detention in a punishment room was practiced.</p>

The article studies the library of Teofilo Calcagnini, a prominent member of Borso d’Este’s court in Ferrara. Calcagnini is already well-known as the person who commissioned the famous manuscript of the Decameron now in the Bodleian Library, MS Holkham misc. 49. On the basis of an investigation of heraldic and archival sources, the article attributes various extant manuscripts to Calcagnini as their commissioning patron but it also describes the connections he had with artistic projects in the Estense court, thus shedding new light on luxury book production in Ferrara in the 1460s.

The article discusses the process of renewal and democratization of local authority bodies in the Middle Volga region after the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia. The author analyses the documents of the Provisional Government on the organization of local authorities and analyses the archival sources on the topic of elections to local self-government authorities, showing the way the legal basis for central government lags behind the changes taking place in the region.

The article presents history of forming and activity of department of organization and tactics of medical service of S. M. Kirov Military-medical academy for the last nine decades on the base of wide historiographic material, archival sources and not published works. There were analyzed objective suppositions of creation of the department, process of teaching of military-sanitarium disciplines in form of separated courses, on departments of military and military-sanitarium disciplines and on a separated department of organization and tactics of medical service. There was scientific and pedagogic activity of the department, characterized it›s modem state and scientific strength. Department of Organization and Tactics of Medical Service - the leading theoretical department of the military medical profile at the Military Medical Academy. Her scientific interests are inextricably linked with those processes that occur in the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It is on it that students receive fundamental knowledge on the organization of medical support for troops in peacetime and wartime. The faculty of the department makes a significant contribution to military medical science, to the organization of medical support for troops and the training of military medical personnel. The department has acquired a modern look and has become a methodological and scientific center for the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation to develop the most pressing organizational problems of military medicine.

The article analyses some early gymnastics teachers’ lives in order to improve the understanding of their process of professionalization. The research focuses on the first generation of Italian gymnastics teachers (1861-1878) and sheds light on the development of teaching qualifications adopted in Latin Europe (Italy, France, Spain, Portugal). Teachers’ careers are investigated using archival sources taken from the series «Ufficio del Personale (1860-1880)» in the Central State Archive.

SUMMARY The growing literature about psychotherapy with LGBT clients rarely addresses serious mental illnesses or mental health care settings such as inpatient, psychosocial rehabilitation, day programs, or residential care. Nor does much of existing literature address the public mental health system. In 1997, the federal Center for Mental Health Services (part of Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and the federal Department of Health and Human Services) commissioned a review of current knowledge regarding the experiences, needs, and recommendations of LGBT people with serious mental illnesses. This article offers a summary of that multi-year project. Using qualitative methods and analysis, this study combines information from archival sources, published and unpublished literature, and key informant interviews to highlight questions and themes important to the welfare of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people receiving public/community mental health services. This pape...

Security risks related to information and information technologies have increased in parallel with technological progress, and knowledge has become the most important asset for individuals and institutions today. During the production, processing, transmission and storage of the knowledge, protecting its confidentiality, integrity and availability has also evolved as an important issue. In this study, the risks faced by the information assets of the organization / institution, the processes affected by the risks and the internal and external parties related to them, the affected assets and locations, the probability of risk, the effect of confidentiality, integrity and accessibility, the value of assets, the probability of creating threats to work effects are defined and a software prototype is designed and developed in order to track and manage the risks and the relevant controls. In order to achieve a proper information security model and construct an information security management system (ISMS) for the organization, the most important factors have been considered. A risk methodology is designed, implemented, documented and risk analysis is conducted on these assets and processes by using these documents. Editor: H. Kemal Ilter, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Turkey Received: August 19, 2018, Accepted: October 18, 2018, Published: November 10, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 IMISC Durankaya et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

El presente trabajo se aborda desde la perspectiva del Desarrollo a Escala Humana y el enfoque pedagógico de Paulo Freire. El objetivo es vincular la satisfacción de las Necesidades Humanas Fundamentales con la generación de niveles crecientes de autodependencia, a partir de los modos de transmisión de artes, oficios y saberes locales. La metodología utilizada es el estudio de caso comparado entre las comunidades vinculadas al programa de Turismo de Base Comunitaria Trawun en Panguipulli, en el sur de Chile y la comunidad São Gonçalo Beira Rio en Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Como resultado de esta investigación, se diagnosticaron los principales desafíos y potenciales existentes en el territorio para defender, construir y vivir sus maneras de transmitir sus conocimientos. Así, se concluye que la educación será más sinérgica en la medida en que las comunidades puedan participar y ser protagonistas en la construcción de sus propios procesos educativos.

In the context of the profound changes that the scientific community is facing within the new epistemological processes and research, inspired and provoked by the new digital era, new technologies and the web, this article aims to address the relationship between the history of theater and the modern digital humanities, through the digital collection «Les savoirs des acteurs italiens», directed by Andrea Fabiano at the IRPMF. Firstly, we shall question the last decade historiographical acquisitions that the collection offers about the cultural and theatrical exchanges between France and Italy in the 18th century and, secondly, the analysis instruments and availability of the data in the context of the new digital humanities. The role of the Comedie-Italienne in Paris for the transmission of the knowledge is also the key to the understating of the frame within which this knowledge is collocated, a domain that is both theatrical and musical, Italian as French. Similarly, this collection might be considered a melting point between the past and the present of the paper book and the digital documentation. It is also projected towards a future in which, increasingly, the new instruments will offer a different fruition of the materials and of the research experiences.

Food Environments in University Dorms: 20,000 Calories per Dorm Room and Counting