Abstract

Large-scale systems are everywhere, and deciding how to dispatch an arriving job to one of the many available servers is crucial to obtaining low response time. One common scalable dispatching paradigm is the "power of d," in which the dispatcher queries d servers at random and assigns the job to a server based only on the state of the queried servers. Such policies incur a much lower communication cost than querying all servers while sacrificing little in the way of performance. However, many "power of d" policies, such as Join-the-Shortest-Queued (JSQ-d) [4], share a notable weakness: they do not account for the fact that, in many modern systems, the servers? speeds are heterogeneous. Unfortunately, such heterogeneity-unaware dispatching policies can perform quite poorly in the presence of server heterogeneity [2].

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