Abstract
A fuzzy controller for improving Fault Ride-Through (FRT) capability of Variable Speed Wind Turbines (WTs) equipped with Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is presented. The controller is designed in order to compensate the voltage at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) by regulating the reactive and active power generated by WTs. The performances of the controller are evaluated in some case studies considering a different number of wind farms in different locations. Simulations, carried out on a real 37-bus Italian weak distribution system, confirmed that the proposed controller can enhance the FRT capability in many cases.
Highlights
Wind turbines (WTs) are typically located in remote and rural areas
In this case the WT will not generate the maximum active power according to its power coefficient, but this will determine two positive effects of the voltage regulation at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC): firstly, due to the limited size of the power converters of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG), the active power reduction will allow increasing the maximum reactive power that can be absorbed by WTs; in medium-voltage weak networks with long feeders characterized by a high R/X ratio, the active power decrease can increase the voltage drop on the feeders contributing to lower the voltage at the PCC
Case Study A1 (Voltage Sag). (i) When the voltage drops by 30%, each wind farm (WF) injects reactive power during the voltage sag in order to help in increasing the voltage to 0.725, 0.730, and 0.741 p.u. for WF2, WF1, and WF3, respectively
Summary
Wind turbines (WTs) are typically located in remote and rural areas. In these areas, the feeders are long and operated at a medium voltage level characterized by a high R/X ratio and unbalanced voltage situations. If during a voltage swell, the absorbed reactive power is not adequate to lower the voltage at the PCC within its statutory limits, the reference signal for the active power production is decreased by the fuzzy controller In this case the WT will not generate the maximum active power according to its power coefficient, but this will determine two positive effects of the voltage regulation at the PCC: firstly, due to the limited size of the power converters of DFIGs, the active power reduction will allow increasing the maximum reactive power that can be absorbed by WTs; in medium-voltage weak networks with long feeders characterized by a high R/X ratio, the active power decrease can increase the voltage drop on the feeders contributing to lower the voltage at the PCC.
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