Abstract
Actuators can directly convert external stimuli into mechanical deformation and have received growing research interest. It is highly desired to develop actuators with distinct deformation, fast response, and a low requirement for driving conditions. Herein we synthesized free-standing carbon nitride films by heating guanidine carbonate at different temperatures (550–610 °C) and obtained a carbon nitride actuator at the temperature of 570 °C. This actuator shows humidity-driven deformation with the bending angle change from −114° to 162° when the relative humidity rises from 6.37% to 93.58% RH. Besides, the carbon nitride actuator generates rapid and continuous motions in response to the slight fluctuations of the surrounding humidity, which can convert the energy gaps temporality created in ambient conditions into kinetic energy. These results reveal the promising prospect of this type of actuators for the construction of advanced devices in the field of green energy.
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