Abstract
Accurate cancer diagnosis often requires extraction and purification of genetic materials from cells, and sophisticated instrumentations that follow. Otherwise in order to directly treat the diagnostic materials to cells, multiple steps to optimize dose concentration and treatment time are necessary due to diversity in cellular behaviors. These processes may offer high precision but hinder fast analysis of cancer, especially in clinical situations that need rapid detection and characterization of cancer. Here we present a novel fluorescent tile DNA nanostructure delivered to cancer cytosol by employing nanoparticle technology. Its structural anisotropicity offers easy manipulation for multifunctionalities, enabling the novel DNA nanostructure to detect intracellular cancer RNA markers with high specificity within 30 minutes post treatment, while the nanoparticle property bypasses the requirement of treatment optimization, effectively reducing the complexity of applying the system for cancer diagnosis. Altogether, the system offers a precise and rapid detection of cancer, suggesting the future use in the clinical fields.
Highlights
Various fluorescent colors could be expressed depending on the combination of fluorescent dyes, while by keeping one of the arms biotinylated, the DNA nanostructures could be conjugated to the surface of streptavidin coated nanobeads for signal concentration (Fig. S3, Supplementary Information)
We have created a new rapid and real-time cancer diagnostic code based on structural DNA nanotechnology and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) phenomena that offers higher sensitivity and selectivity
Signal strength was mainly dependent on complementary RNA mass and was unrelated to diagnocode concentration or treatment time
Summary
Various fluorescent colors could be expressed depending on the combination of fluorescent dyes, while by keeping one of the arms biotinylated, the DNA nanostructures could be conjugated to the surface of streptavidin coated nanobeads for signal concentration (Fig. S3, Supplementary Information). ® The relative Cy5TM to Alexa Fluor 488 signal ratio increased with addition of higher concentrations of the oligonucleotide complementary to the loop sequence of the L-DNA.
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