Abstract
The interaction of cationic (bio)polymers with DNA may cause the transfer of the intercalated cationic dye ethidium bromide from the double helix to solution. This effect is accompanied by probe fluorescence quenching. The effective displacement of ethidium from nucleic acid that has been discovered in the study of the cooperative electrostatic binding of DNA to salts of polymeric bases forms the basis of the fluorescent method useful for the investigation of polyelectrolyte complexes of DNA. By the example of a wide range of model polycations, this approach is shown to be fruitful for estimation of the cooperative character of interactions, construction of pH-dependent profiles of complexation reactions and competitive binding, and creation of systems with desired and controlled stability in aqueous-saline solutions. This evidence is of special importance for the design of polyelectrolyte means effective for delivery of genetic materials to the cell.
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