A feasible approach to phyto-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles using industrial crop Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) extract as stabilizing agent and assessment of its in vitro biomedical potential

Abstract

In this report, we executed a new biological approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using industrially beneficial crop Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) leaf extract as phyto-reducer and capping agent. The biosynthesized AgNPs were determined by UV–visible spectroscopy, structural and elemental compositions were studied using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and selected area diffraction (SAED) pattern. The UV–visible spectrum illustrated an absorption peak at 410nm which reflects surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs. The FTIR revealed that organic silicone was involved in the reduction in Ag ions. XRD peaks demonstrated face-centered cubic and confirmed the crystalline nature of the particle. FESEM and HRTEM analysis proved that the spherical shape and average size of the particle was 30nm. The antimicrobial activity of the green-synthesized AgNPs was investigated against five human pathogenic strains. This study also emphasized the potential application of AgNPs to target the free radicals scavenging in vitro. Further, we have explored the cytotoxicity effect against human lung cancer cells (A549) and normal cells (HBL100). It is an instigation and eco-friendly report on G. hirsutum plant as a stabilizing agent for the synthesis of AgNPs and evaluation of its biological applications.