Abstract
A novel 3D printing material based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)—improved sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) for rapid 3D construction printing application is reported. The hydration heat, setting time, fluidity of paste and mortar, shape retainability, and compressive strength of extruded SAC mortar were investigated. HPMC dosage, water-to-cement (W/C) ratio, and sand-to-cement (S/C) ratio were studied as the experimental parameters. Hydration heat results reveal HPMC could delay the hydration of SAC. The initial and final setting time measured using Vicat needle would be shortened in the case of W/C ratio of 0.3 and 0.35 with HPMC dosage from 0.5% to 1.5%, W/C ratio of 0.40 with HPMC dosage of 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.5%, and W/C ratio of 0.45 with HPMC dosage of 0.45, or be extended in the case of W/C ratio of 0.4 with HPMC dosage of 1.0% and W/C ratio of 0.45 with HPMC dosage from 0.75% to 1.5%. Fluidity measurement shows HPMC significantly improves the shape retainability. Furthermore, the addition of HPMC remarkably increased the compressive strength of extruded mortar. The results showed that HPMC could be used to prepare 3D printing SAC having satisfactory shape retainability, setting time and compressive strength.
Highlights
3D printing technology has been used for buildings and other structures, and related studies have been conducted to develop 3D concrete printing which is based on layer-by-layer printing process [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
The sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) with a specific surface area of 367 m2 ·kg−1 was obtained from a commercial cement producer
The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with a viscosity of 200,000 mPa·s was used as a modifying agent to improve shape stability of SAC-based materials
Summary
3D printing technology has been used for buildings and other structures, and related studies have been conducted to develop 3D concrete printing which is based on layer-by-layer printing process [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Developing a suitable 3D printing building material is one of the most pressing problems for 3D concrete printing [2,5,12]. Some of the most critical issues for 3D printing of building materials are the shape retainability ( known as shape stability [13] and green strength [14]), workability, and early strength development. When the material is printed and deposited, it should maintain its extruded shape without flowing away. The application of an additive is an effective method to enhance the shape stability of printed cement-based materials. Some researchers have aimed at engineering the rheology of printed materials by modifying the mix design [15,16,17] and changing the mixing method [17,18,19]
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