Abstract
Dissolution of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) into the electrolyte during discharging, causing shuttling of LiPS from the cathode to the lithium (Li) metal, is mainly responsible for the capacity decays and short battery lives of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs). Herein, we designed a separator—comprising polypropylene (PP) coated with MoO3 nanobelts (MNBs), prepared through facile grinding of commercial MoO3 powder. Formation of Li2Sn–MoO3 during discharging inhibited the polysulfide shuttling; during charging, Li passivated LixMoO3, facilitating ionic transfer during the redox reaction by decreasing the charge transfer resistance. This dual-interaction mechanism of LiPS—with both Mo and LixMoO3—resulted in a substantially high initial discharge capacity at a very high current density of 5C, with 29.4% of the capacity retained after 5000 cycles. The simple fabrication approach and extraordinary cycle life observed when using this MNBs-coated separator suggests a scalable solution for future commercialization of LSBs.
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