Abstract
Femtocells represent a novel configuration for existing cellular communication, contributing towards the improvement of coverage and throughput. The dense deployment of these femtocells causes significant femto-macro and femto-femto interference, consequently deteriorating the throughput of femtocells. In this study, we compare two heuristic approaches, i.e., particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA), for joint power assignment and resource allocation, within the context of the femtocell environment. The supposition made in this joint optimization is that the discrete power levels are available for the assignment. Furthermore, we have employed two variants of each PSO and GA: inertia weight and constriction factor model for PSO, and twopoint and uniform crossover for GA. The two proposed algorithms are in a decentralized manner, with no involvement of any centralized entity. The comparison is carried out between the two proposed algorithms for the aforementioned joint optimization problem. The contrast includes the performance metrics: including average objective function, min–max throughput of the femtocells, average throughput of the femto users, outage rate and time complexity. The results demonstrate that the decentralized PSO constriction factor outperforms the others in terms of the aforementioned performance metrics.
Highlights
The limitations of the current cellular system involve indoor coverage and base station deployment.According to a survey, more than 50 percent of voice and 70 percent of data traffic originate from the indoor environment [1]
The two proposed algorithms are analyzed in terms of the performance metrics such as average objective function, min–max throughput of the femto base stations (FBS), average throughput of the FUs, outage rate of
It can be seen that Decentralized PSO (DPSO)-constriction factor model (CM) performance is better than its counterpart variant and Decentralized GA (DGA) variants in terms of average objective function value for both the scenarios
Summary
The limitations of the current cellular system involve indoor coverage and base station deployment. More than 50 percent of voice and 70 percent of data traffic originate from the indoor environment [1]. The existing macro cellular services provide coverage to the indoor users, they cannot meet their high-throughput demand due to penetration losses. The possible approaches for mitigating the indoor penetration losses: include increasing the transmit power or reducing the transmission rate. The aforementioned approaches will not solve the two major problems i.e., increase throughput and less power transmission. Based upon the above-mentioned concerns, exploiting the femtocell is a viable alternative for escalating the coverage as well as the throughout
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