Abstract
We provide a database of the coseismic geological surface effects following the Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquake that hit central Italy on 30 October 2016. This was one of the strongest seismic events to occur in Europe in the past thirty years, causing complex surface ruptures over an area of >400 km2. The database originated from the collaboration of several European teams (Open EMERGEO Working Group; about 130 researchers) coordinated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. The observations were collected by performing detailed field surveys in the epicentral region in order to describe the geometry and kinematics of surface faulting, and subsequently of landslides and other secondary coseismic effects. The resulting database consists of homogeneous georeferenced records identifying 7323 observation points, each of which contains 18 numeric and string fields of relevant information. This database will impact future earthquake studies focused on modelling of the seismic processes in active extensional settings, updating probabilistic estimates of slip distribution, and assessing the hazard of surface faulting.
Highlights
Background & SummaryThe central Apennines are characterized by high seismogenic potential, mostly due to shallow (5–15 km) normal-faulting earthquakes with magnitudes up to M 6.5-7
Analysis of geodetic data suggests that the axis of the central Apennines is undergoing NE-SW striking extension at a rate of ∼1–2.5 mm/yr[3], with relative vertical peak velocities of 2.5–3.0 mm/yr over ~100 km wavelengths[4]
The seismogenic significance of the extensive rupture length and surface offset in these earthquakes was only appreciated later through geologic, geomorphic, and paleoseismic studies
Summary
Background & SummaryThe central Apennines are characterized by high seismogenic potential, mostly due to shallow (5–15 km) normal-faulting earthquakes with magnitudes up to M 6.5-7 (ref. 1). The most relevant previously documented surface ruptures were the 1915 Mw 7.1 Avezzano[9,10,11,12] and the 1980 Mw 6.9 Campania-Basilicata earthquakes[13,14], both of which had ruptures that were several kilometres long and surface offsets of up to ∼1 m In these events, modern advances in survey techniques including digital shared recording methods and photogrammetry (Structure from Motion) were not available. Modern advances in survey techniques including digital shared recording methods and photogrammetry (Structure from Motion) were not available In both cases, the seismogenic significance of the extensive rupture length and surface offset in these earthquakes was only appreciated later through geologic, geomorphic, and paleoseismic studies. Two events ruptured the ground with offsets of a few centimetres: the Mw 6.0 (ref. 15) 1997 Colfiorito[16,17,18] and the Mw 6.1 (ref. 19) 2009 L’Aquila earthquakes[20,21]
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