Abstract
Improved long-term kidney allograft survival remains a critical goal in transplantation; the achievement of this, however, is highly dependent on the identification of biomarkers that can either predict or allow advance detection of patients at risk of allograft injury. The present review outlines the commonly used biomarkers in kidney transplantation, while also highlighting those currently under investigation, discussing their advantages and limitations. Most of the approved biomarkers currently used in kidney transplantation capture antigen recognition or alloantibody production. However, tremendous progress has recently been made in the development of markers of other signaling pathways pertinent to the alloimmune response. Microarray gene sets that predict rejection or poor prognostic phenotypes have been identified in kidney biopsies (the 'molecular microscope diagnostic system' and the 'genomics of chronic allograft rejection' scores), peripheral blood (the 'kidney solid organ response test'), and urine (the '3-genes signature'). Strategies targeting serial measurements of urinary chemokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10 also appear promising. Although the range of biomarkers in current use is limited, there are many assays in the development and validation pipeline that appear promising but that have yet to reach mainstream clinical transplantation. The 'ideal biomarker' may eventually transpire to be the combination of several assays.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
