Abstract
This paper proposes a biobjective continuous transportation network design problem concerning road congestion charging with the consideration of speed limit. The efficiency of the traffic network and the reduction of pollution in the network environment are improved by designing a reasonable road capacity enhancement and speed limit strategy. A biobjective bilevel programming model is developed to formulate the proposed network design problem. The first target of the upper problem is the optimization of road charging efficiency, and the other target is the total cost of vehicle emissions; these objectives are required to devise the optimal road capacity enhancement scheme, speed limiting schemes for different time periods, and the road pricing scheme. The lower-level problem involving travellers’ route choice behaviours uses stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) theory. Based on the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm, which is applied to solve the bilevel programming model, a numerical example is developed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. The results show that the implementation of congestion charging measures on the congested road sections would help to alleviate road congestion in the transportation network, effectively save transportation infrastructure investment and limited urban land resources, increase fiscal revenue, and open up new sources of funds for urban infrastructure construction.
Highlights
The conventional continuous network design problem (CNDP) aims to optimally balance the transportation and investment costs of a network subject to traffic congestion.Since its first formulation as a bilevel programming problem by Abdulaal and LeBlanc [1], CNDP has become one of the most difficult yet challenging problems in the transportation research field [2,3]
The impedance based on stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) is larger than that based on user equilibrium (UE), the traffic flow is more even when using SUE
The lower-level SUE allocation problem uses the adaptive weighted average method, which is analysed through a simple calculation example
Summary
The conventional continuous network design problem (CNDP) aims to optimally balance the transportation and investment costs of a network subject to traffic congestion. A recent study on the multimodal network design problem (MNDP, a combination of a CNDP and DNDP) was conducted by Gallo et al [20], in which an SUE traffic assignment was considered at the lower level of the problem, while the total travel time in the network was minimized at the upper level via the scatter search method. A two-stage distributed solution is proposed to solve the optimal time congestion pricing problem in large-scale networks, so as to realize the whole network capture of the congestion charging area effect [33] It can be seen from recent studies that congestion pricing is still used as a separate efficiency improvement strategy in the problem of network smoothness, and it does not achieve the integration of congestion pricing and speed limit-related strategies.
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