Abstract
A conceptual model of nutrient dynamics in wetlands used for wastewater treatment provided the basis for reviewing the literature on the subject. Papers were selected in order to describe the storages and transfers of the conceptual model. This approach serves to develop an understanding of wetland systems behavior and allows easy identification of gaps in the literature and of research needs. The consensus of the literature is that incorporation into peat is the major long-term mechanism for phosphorus removal, whereas denitrification is very significant for nitrogen removal. Long-term, mass balance studies are required in order to identify and quantify the nutrient removal mechanisms and assess the potential of different wetland types for treating wastewater. Areas particularly lacking mass balance studies include hydrology, decomposition processes, and physicochemical reactions between water and wetland soils.
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