A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Chemotype Marine Derived-Drug Discovery

Abstract

Abstract: The global population's rapid expansion is a worldwide concern, which has led to higher medication and resource consumption. As a result, there is a tremendous need to seek out new means of producing reliable medications to meet the rising demand of a global populace suffering from a wide range of health problems. Various resources are available in marine habitats for the development of novel medications. Their life circumstances are radically different from those found in a terrestrial setting. In order for marine animals to thrive in the ocean, they produce a variety of secondary metabolites, which can possibly be life-saving bioactive compounds that come from an increasing variety of marine microorganisms. These metabolites have pharmacological properties that make them intriguing as a potential for human medications. Therefore, there has recently been a rise in interest in marine-derived biomolecules as potential treatments. Utilizing a wide range of screening methods, we can investigate the effects of these extracts and purified compounds from marine organisms in the medicinal industry, such as cancer prevention, inflammation reduction, virus and bacteria inhibition, ion channel/receptor modulation, and plant growth stimulation. The structures of bioactive substances will be determined after they have been isolated chromatographically. Marine-based bioactive compounds can be (semi) synthesized to make new derivatives, structural analogues, and copies that can be used to build new marine-based chemical catalogs and contribute as lead or hit molecules. This overview classifies FDA-approved marine-based drugs and provides information on their origins, chemical composition, manufacturing processes, and pharmacology. This paper outlines the supply dilemma in marine medicine development.