Abstract
Pistacia, a genus of flowering plants from the family Anacardiaceae, contains about twenty species, among them five are more popular including P. vera, P. atlantica, P. terebinthus, P. khinjuk, and P. lentiscus. Different parts of these species have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes like tonic, aphrodisiac, antiseptic, antihypertensive and management of dental, gastrointestinal, liver, urinary tract and respiratory tract disorders.Pistacia khinjuk Stoks (P. khinjuk) is an evergreen shrub or tree of the family Anarcadiaceae. This specie is native to Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Egypt, Afghanistan, India and Pakistan.P. khinjuk used as tonic and expectorant, it has been used in cough, fever and asthma.Few investigations have been reported the effect of different crude and isolated compound extracts of P. khinjuk on different diseases such as antidiabetic, antitumor, anti-cholinesterase, antimicrobial and antifungal activity. The oil of P. khinjuk kernel is valuable oil being used in the pharmaceutical industry. It’s mainly composed of oleic, linolenic, palmitic, linolenic, behenic,lauric, myristic and arachidic acid. In addition, oil is considered a valuable source of tocopherols and tocotrienols because the tocols content reported for this oil is much higher than that of common oils. The aim of the present review is to explore the traditional and modern knowledge including the botanical description, ethnomedicinal claims, pharmacognostic parameters, phytochemicals and pharmacological potential of P. khinjuk. The comprehensive literature and relevant information regarding the plant were gathered through electronic databases including Google Scholar, Pub Med, Science direct, online open access databases and books from the college library. The review represents consolidated summary in all aspects of plant with a special emphasis on reported phytochemicals isolated from plant and their therapeutic potential. The rearranged data in the form of a single review will be essential in providing updated knowledge to the readers regarding the plant and it will act as a baseline for future exploration of P. khinjukin terms of its phytochemistry and pharmacology
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