Abstract
AbstractStrontium‐, Ca2+‐, and Mg2+‐saturated clay minerals were studied with respect to X‐ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, cation exchange capacity, and glycerol adsorption. In general, 3‐layer clay minerals saturated with Sr2+ lost interlayer water at lower temperatures and at higher vapor pressures than did Mg2+‐clays; Ca2+‐clays were intermediate. A clay mineral‐ion‐saturation interaction was apparent. Calcium‐ and Sr2+‐saturation of clays yielded similar values for cation exchange capacity. Strontium‐saturated 3‐layer clays retained more glycerol than did clays saturated with Ca2+. Expansion of vermiculite with glycerol and ethylene glycol was dependent on cation saturation and lattice charge. Strontium‐saturated vermiculites expanded to near 16Å. more readily than did Mg2+‐clays, and Ca2+‐clays were intermediate. Vermiculites with high lattice charge expanded less readily than did vermiculites with relatively low lattice charge.Strontium can satisfactorily substitute for Ca2+ and Mg2+ in routine mineralogical studies of clays though special care may be needed to control relative humidity. Additional information regarding lattice charge of 3‐layer clays may be obtained by using several divalent ion saturations.
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