A combined first- and second-generation current conveyor structure

Abstract

Abstract The definition of both first-generation (CCI) and second-generation (CC11) current conveyors is presented and it is shown how a translation between first- and second-generation conveyors can be achieved using multiple output conveyors. Some basic concepts relating to second-generation CMOS current conveyor design are briefly reviewed and design equations are given for the fundamental properties of the current conveyor implementations. Transistor-level examples of conveyor designs are presented. Then, a modification of the CCIl-to-CCI transformation is shown to yield a low x-input impedance, owing to a local feedback loop, and it is shown how this local feedback loop can also be utilized in CCII circuits by converting a CCI to a CC11. The results are confirmed by simulations using transistor parameters from a commercially-available CMOS process.