A Collective Micro Food Farming: Maximizing the Limited Space of Urban Neighborhood

The rapid development of cities results in many public health and built-up environmental problems, which have vital impacts on children's growth environment, the development of children, and city contradictions. There is a lack of children being a main concern when constructing new urban areas or reconstructing old districts. Children's activity spaces tend to be standardized and unified (kit, fence, and carpet) “KFC style” designs, which leads to the urban neighborhood space and the environment being insufficient to attract children to conduct activities. Therefore, starting from the urban neighborhood space environment, this paper explores what kind of spatial environment is needed for children's physical activity and its impact on children's physical activity. Taking six residential areas in the Changchun Economic Development Zone as the research object, based on the theory of children's ability development and game value, this paper uses the Woolley and Lowe evaluation tool to quantify the impact of the theory on the urban neighborhood space environment and children's physical activity. It can be confirmed that there is a significant correlation between the spatial characteristics of an urban neighborhood and the general signs of the environment on the duration and intensity of the physical activity of children. The results show that: (1) the differences in children's ages result in differences in the duration and intensity of children's physical activity in the urban neighborhood space environment; (2) the open space factor of the neighborhood space has the most significant influence on the duration of children's physical activity; (3) in terms of the environmental characteristics, whether children can be provided with education and learning opportunities has a significant impact on the duration of children's physical activity; (4) there is a significant positive correlation between children's age and the duration and intensity of the physical activity, exercise type, and imaginative activity. These results show that the urban neighborhood space environment can affect the duration of children's physical activity. In future urban residential area planning and design, urban children can meet the self-demand of physical activity in the neighborhood space through the reasonable balance and combination of neighborhood space characteristics and environmental characteristics.

This paper focuses on the response mechanism of self-organization and planning management of urban neighborhood space in Chengdu of China under the impact of shared cycling mode aiming at providing theoretical support for the study of urban management and development of shared traffic patterns based on empirical research. For this new thing, the corresponding research literature is scarce and mostly simple commentary, lacking in-depth study. But its rapid development and particular influence make it a research object worth studying. Gaoshengqiao Neighborhood (covering an area of 1.6 square kilometers) in Chengdu is selected as the research object and the data were collected by personal riding experience, pictures taken at certain periods of time and random interviews with stakeholders to conduct the research plan. Through the comparative study of spatial and behavioral data, the paper expects to analyze the human-centered law and scientific response mechanism of the change of neighborhood space under the shared cycling mode to promote the development of the shared traffic in the city.

To advance person-centered methods of operationalizing youths' social environment, we explored adolescents' definitions of "home neighborhood" by integrating narrative data with geographic information systems. We gathered data using semi-structured interviews and sketch maps with 55 adolescents aged 11-19 (78% African-American) in urban neighborhoods. We analyzed transcripts for themes through an iterative coding process and geocoded neighborhood sketches and activity locations using ArcGIS software. Thematic analyses revealed that adolescents identify their home neighborhood based on relationships with residents, personal histories, and positive cognitive or affective responses to the area. Participants rarely drew polygons to represent neighborhoods, and their activities were often located outside of self-identified boundaries. Their views on the "home neighborhood" construct did not predict their strategies for defining spatial boundaries. Overall, the results suggest that adolescents hold idiosyncratic perspectives on their neighborhood spaces, shaped by their experiences and social identities, that have implications for place-based research and initiatives targeting youth.

We consider the street experiences of a group of urban children living in a large East Midlands town in the UK. Our attention focuses upon an issue that has seldom been examined, neighbourhood bullying. We highlight how some children, through their propinquity within neighbourhood spaces, clash and collide to such an extent that their experiences of a locality become severely blighted. For these unfortunate young people local environments are tyrannical spaces, defined in terms of 'no-go areas', danger and threat. These are not remarkable geographies, however, and we suggest that like many school environments, where bullying has increasingly been recognised and disclosed, within many localities there is a 'hidden' geography of fear waiting to be uncovered. The paper is organised into five parts: first, we briefly examine the concept of bullying, particularly in relation to young people in schools; secondly, we extend these ideas into a neighbourhood context drawing upon recent ideas of 'self', 'other' and microgeographies; thirdly, we outline the research project from which this article emerges; fourthly, we look at some empirical evidence from an urban case study that draws attention to the form and consequences of neighbourhood bullying; lastly, we discuss the relevance of these findings to future policy and practice, particularly in relation to the management of neighbourhood spaces. We propose that systematically applied local strategies to tackle bullying within neighbourhoods are needed, particularly those which engage young people and adults together through a whole community approach.

One of the most important principles in the formation of Iranian-Islamic cities is the principle of unity. Observing the principle of in the physical-social space of historical neighborhoods has led to the organization and integration of them. A review of studies on this issue indicates that the principle of in the scale of urban neighborhoods has been less considered. The main question of the study is how and with what factors and criteria was the principle of formed in the physical space of Sarshoor neighborhood, Mashhad city? This study is historical and analytical research. The research process is divided into two main stages. In the first stage, it is attempted to determine how the spatial structure of Sarshoor neighborhood was before the extensive physical-spatial interventions taken in the contemporary era. In the second stage, the factors and criteria related to the principle of are determined on the maps and photos of the neighborhood in an exploratory way and using the relevant graphical analysis. The results show that in the historical neighborhood of Sarshoor, a set of factors in a complex and close relationship with each other, have been effective in unifying the physical space of the neighborhood. Factors including connectivity and continuity, centrality, hierarchy, coordination, interconnectedness and semantic unity have been effective in realizing the principle of in the neighborhood by creating various qualities in different dimensions of physical space of neighborhood

The Home Owners’ Loan Corporation’s (HOLC) Residential Security maps were created in the late 1930s to capture the ostensible investment risk posed by urban neighborhood characteristics. To generate these grades, hired agents conducted on-site neighborhood appraisals and recorded their field notes in standardized “Area Description” sheets. Though scholarly attention has overwhelmingly prioritized the maps, we argue that they cannot be understood apart from their notes. Shifting our focus to the Area Descriptions, we combine narrative inquiry and critical cartography to explore how HOLC’s field agents narrated a neighborhood’s prospective returns on property investment. Focusing on Milwaukee, Wisconsin and Atlanta, Georgia, we identify two principal narrative types: Temporal Narratives and Proximity Narratives. The former situated neighborhoods in time, placing them along a past and projected value trajectory, while the latter situated neighborhoods in space, projecting value based on its distance to certain dis/amenities. Neighborhood racial composition was central to both narrative types, though in distinct ways. Black residential presence was described as sign and source of obsolescence, respectively, but not yet as mobile threat. The Area Descriptions thus help illuminate a “racist theory of value” in formation at a key juncture in its development.

\nThe vitality and viability of open spaces in urban neighborhoods, particularly in high-density residential areas with limited buildable land, have become extremely complex phenomenon. Researchers and designers are seeking the standard of designed environment to successfully meet the human needs and desires. In order to reach this goal, limited studies have been implemented to bridge the gap between research and design and consequently improve the physical and social qualities of open spaces. This paper examines the two specific features of open space accessibility, social interactions - which contribute significantly to both the vitality and viability with a view to provide an understanding of the relative importance of these elements from users’ perceptions and satisfaction. The methods involve quantitative research with questionnaire-based survey, and case study to evaluate residents’ perceptions. The research scope is a high-density residential condominium in Kuala Lumpur where the rapid transformation of urban elements in city center has negative impacts on basic qualities of open spaces. The result is a framework for understanding the relative priority of the different elements (variables) for users which vary depending on the location of the residential block they live in; in particular its proximity to the open space. The study concludes with recommendations for how the most valuable elements can be better harnessed in order to promote the satisfaction with open spaces.\n

Perception of safety is an important factor affecting the leisure behavior of Latinos residing in urban neighborhoods. Yet research on how fear of crime and fear of gangs in particular affect leisure of ethnic and racial minorities is underdeveloped. The objectives of this study are to examine how gangs operate in recreation spaces in Latino neighborhoods, how gangs affect the use of outdoor recreation environments and how Latinos respond to these issues. The study is based on focus groups conducted with Latino residents in Chicago. Findings indicate gang members are almost constantly present in parks, which serve as spaces for drug use and distribution. Moreover, gangs operate in other areas of the neighborhood making it unsafe to access parks. Participants employ strategies to address the gang problem including avoidance, protective and collective behaviors.

A longitudinal study of urban moveability and physical activity in the transition phase from childhood to adolescence

The purpose of this study was to analyze the usage characteristics and environmental features awareness of women with regard to open spaces in an urban neighborhood. The survey for this study was conducted using 265 residents of Gyungsan, consisting of 179 females. For this analysis, the frequencies and means were calculated, and the chi-square test, factor analysis, and analysis of variance were performed. The survey results revealed, first, the preferred open space type and usage characteristics of males and females were obviously different . Females tended to use playgrounds and children's parks with their children, staying for short periods of time. They also wanted to supplement the playgrounds equipment and security facilities. Second, the users of the play grounds and children's parks were usually young women with young children, so they most often visited the places for playing and caring in afternoon. The female users of the neighborhood parks visited with their friends and neighbors at night, and the users of the waterside parks tended to visit them alone to exercise after dinner. Third, although the parks were far away, the females tended to visit them based on the facilities and charming features. These characteristics also influenced how long the female users stayed in the parks.

Our City, Our Scene: activating public spaces in urban neighborhoods through grassroots initiatives in Skopje

Boosting and preserving green spaces in urban neighborhoods may help reduce childhood obesity

Effectiveness of Gated Communities in Providing Safe Environments for Children's Outdoor Use

Affordances of Cul-de-sac in Urban Neighborhoods as Play Spaces for Middle Childhood Children

The creation of satisfying urban environments calls for the planners, designers and policy makers to understand the structures that cause residents to feel satisfied with their environments. The paper focuses on qualitative aspects of the childrens play spaces in the urban neighborhoods of Nagpur which were analysed with the background of their daily activity schedule survey, their assement of the existing play provisions and their aspirations from their neighborhood environment quality. Apart from these studies, the childrens and their parents perceptions of the quality of urban residential environments was also studied. The literature review gave an extract of relevant attributes of environmental quality (EQ) which became the theoritical basis for the work. The research generates an approach to assessing the child friendliness of our urban neighborhoods, which in certain ways is not even catering to the most fundamental right of the child to play; it also generates a matrix of children’s needs and parameters relevant to Indian context. A theoretical model of the residents satisfaction is also generated which forms the base for the qualitative questionnaire analysis in SPSS 20 with a set of dependent and independent variables which shows the correlation of the resident’s satisfaction with child friendliness of neighborhoods in the Indian context. The regression model and mathematical equation as an outcome of the qualitative analysis was also validated upon two other urban neighborhoods of the city of Nagpur. The research with all its tools used and the approach adopted can help in undertaking such child-centered researches in other cities of India which have their own unique issues and characteristics of urban growth.