Abstract
The retina of the cloudy bubble snail, Bulla gouldiana, expresses a circadian rhythm in spontaneous optic nerve impulses. The rhythm is generated by a group of approximately 100 electrically coupled neurons at the base of the retina, each of which is competent to generate a circadian periodicity in complete cellular isolation. While the precise processes responsible for rhythm generation remain unclear, molecular transcription and translation appear to be critical elements in the ‘timing loop’. Plasma membrane ionic fluxes, while not critical for rhythmogenesis, play a critical role in pacemaker synchronization and expression by way of Ca 2+ and K + currents respectively.
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