A catalogue of galaxies behind the southern Milky Way

view Abstract Citations (36) References (27) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Interstellar Polarization in the Southern Milky way. van Smith, Elske P. Abstract Polarization observations are reported for over two hundred stars in the southern Milky Way between longitudes 200 and 350 . Analysis of these and other data for the north seems to confirm the model of a polarizing medium where the elongated particles are aligned perpendicular to the spiral-arm axis. Light from stars in the Sagittarius or Perseus arms appears to acquire most of its polarization from dust clouds lying in the Orion arm. The amount of polarization per unit extinction is lower in the southern Milky Way than in the northern Although the possibility of a difference in the optical properties of the grains is not ruled out, an alternative hypothesis seems preferable. We suggest that the particles are more rigidly aligned in the center of the spiral arm, through which the line of sight passes when we look northward, than at the periphery of the arm. Finally, we discuss in some detail individual regions in the southern Milky Way, including Vela, Carina, the Coal Sack in Crux, and Scorpius The Scorpius region, in particular, shows that local structure may considerably distort the general effect Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: July 1956 DOI: 10.1086/146202 Bibcode: 1956ApJ...124...43V full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (228)

The skies of the Southern hemisphere contain many of the objects important in the studies of galactic structure and stellar evolution. Apart from the Magellanic Clouds, the two nearest galaxies, there is a most interesting area of the Milky Way - that near the direction of the galactic centre. The greater part of it can be observed at observatories situated in the Northern hemisphere, but the region between l11 = 290° and lII = 350° is inaccessible. There is a marked disparity between our knowledge of the Northern and Southern Milky Ways, and this is reflected particularly in our understanding of spiral structure, the optical interpretation of which depends almost entirely on Northern hemisphere observations.The main object of this thesis is to add to the knowledge of the structure of the Southern Milky Way by: (a) A study of the size and distribution of H II regions. (b) The studies of two star concentrations - a visual grouping of early-type stars, and a young cluster. In (a), a photographic survey for the detection of H II regions in the Southern Milky Way is carried out. Their distribution and apparent sizes as a function of galactic longitude are used to construct a qualitative representation of spiral structure which is compared with the current models. The aims of the investigations carried out in (b) are to study the characteristics of visual groupings of early-type stars and to aid the determination of distances of spiral arms in the Southern Milky Way.

The new 40-in. reflector for Siding Spring Observatory arrived in Sydney late in January and has been in full operation at the Observatory since early in March. One of its first projects has been the photography of six southern Milky Way fields as a part of a search program for faint early-type stars in the range of apparent magnitude 10 to 15. The search technique is basically that employed earlier at Tonantzintla Observatory. Each photograph on a 103aD emulsion contains three (or more) successive exposures, through a UG2, a GG 13 and a GG 14 filter. Thus are reproduced stellar images on a color system approximating U, B, and V. The 0, B, and A stars are readily located from these plates and their U, B, and V magnitudes and colors are then measured with the aid of single-image 103aO and 103aD plates obtained with the appropriate filters. All of the six are fields for which B. J. Bok and P. F. Bok have now available standard UB V photoelectric sequences to V= 14 or 15, and these sequences permit us to determine precise magnitudes and colors photographically. One of the problems encountered in the rich southern Milky Way fields is that of excessive crowding of the multiple image plates. To supplement the 103aD plates, we have therefore taken on each field a 103aO search plate with two images only, one a 20-min exposure through a UG2 filter, the other a 5-min exposure through a GG 13 filter. Stars with U-B = 0.00 show two images of roughly equal size, stars with U-B <0.00 have a larger U image than a B image. It should be possible to extend the search without much difficulty to V =17, provided good standard photoelectric sequences are available.

Abbreviated: As part of our efforts to unveil extragalactic large-scale structures behind the southern Milky Way, we here present redshifts for 764 galaxies in the Hydra/Antlia, Crux and Great Attractor region (266deg < l < 338deg, |b| < 10deg), obtained with the Meudon-ESO Fibre Object Spectrograph (MEFOS) at the 3.6-m telescope of ESO. The observations are part of a redshift survey of partially obscured galaxies recorded in the course of a deep optical galaxy search behind the southern Milky Way. A total of 947 galaxies have been observed, a small percentage of the spectra (N=109, 11.5%) were contaminated by foreground stars, and 74 galaxies (7.8%) were too faint to allow a reliable redshift determination. With MEFOS we obtained spectra down to the faintest galaxies of our optical galaxy survey, and hence probe large-scale structures out to larger distances (v <~ 30000 km/s) than our other redshift follow-ups. The most distinct large-scale structures revealed in the southern Zone of Avoidance are discussed in context to known structures adjacent to the Milky Way.

view Abstract Citations (96) References (19) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Photoelectric UBV photometry of cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds and in the southern Milky Way. Madore, B. F. Abstract New photoelectric UBV photometry is presented for 46 long-period Cepheids in the southern Milky Way. Data are now essentially complete for Cepheids with P> 11 days and B brighter than 14 mag. New UBV photometry is also given for 22 Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud and for 15 Cepheids in the Small Magellanic Cloud. The implications of these observations will be discussed in subsequent papers. Subject headings: cepheids - magellanic clouds Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Pub Date: June 1975 DOI: 10.1086/190342 Bibcode: 1975ApJS...29..219M Keywords: Cepheid Variables; Light Curve; Magellanic Clouds; Milky Way Galaxy; Stellar Spectrophotometry; Ubv Spectra; Electrophotometry; Galactic Structure; Stellar Luminosity; Tables (Data); Astronomy full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (120) NED (39) GCPD (1)

. The distribution in the Southern Milky Way of stars of type M .5 and later, and of carbon stars, was studied from ADH infrared spectrum plates. Some differences between this survey and that made at Case are noted. The M stars appear to belong to the discoidal population, whereas the carbon stars belong to the spiral arm population. Local variations occur for both types of stars but for different reasons. The M-star distribution is greatly affected by dark clouds, but the carbon stars show real clustering.

We systematically searched for IRAS galaxies with 60 μm flux density larger than 0.6 Jy by using the UK Schmidt Infrared and IIIa-J Atlases in the Milky Way region (|b| < 15°) between 1 = 210° and 360°. We first selected about 4000 IRAS point sources by using our far-infrared criteria, which are optimized for the search of IRAS galaxies behind the Milky Way region, and then inspected visually the optical counterparts of them on the Schmidt Atlas film copies. We found 966 IRAS sources associated with galaxy-like objects. The list of the objects is presented here with the IRAS source name, Galactic coordinates, IRAS flux densities, field number and emulsion of the Atlas, type and size of galaxy(-like) image, redshift, multiplicity, and cross-identification. Of these, 423 galaxies are already cataloged in the Catalog of Galaxies and Quasars Observed in the IRAS Survey, and most of the remaining 543 galaxy candidates are newly identified in this search

view Abstract Citations (34) References (21) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Southern Milky Way Carbon Stars: New Candidates, JHK Photometry, and Radial Velocities Aaronson, Marc ; Blanco, Victor M. ; Cook, Kem H. ; Schechter, Paul L. Abstract Data are presented for low-latitude southern Milky Way carbon stars. Coordinates and cross identifications are given for carbon stars (67 of which are confirmed new discoveries) in seven fields deemed to be unusually transparent. JHK photometry is presented for 520 stars. Velocities are presented for 393 stars. Improved coordinates are presented for selected stars in Westerlund's catalog. Averaged photometry and velocities are presented for a sample of 336 stars. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Pub Date: July 1989 DOI: 10.1086/191350 Bibcode: 1989ApJS...70..637A Keywords: Carbon Stars; Milky Way Galaxy; Radial Velocity; Stellar Spectrophotometry; Astronomical Catalogs; Astronomical Coordinates; Astronomy; PHOTOMETRY; RADIAL VELOCITIES; STARS: CARBON full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (706) Author (1)

As part of our program to map the large-scale distribution of galaxies behind the Milky Way, we used the Parkes 210 ft (64 m) radio telescope for pointed HI observations of a sample of low surface-brightness (due to heavy obscuration) spiral galaxies selected from the deep optical Zone of Avoidance (ZOA) galaxy catalog in the Hydra/Antlia region (Kraan-Korteweg 2000a). Searching a simultaneous velocity range of either 300 to 5500 km s(-1) or 300 to 10 500 km s(-1) to an rms level of typically 2-4 mJy resulted in detections in 61 of the 139 pointings, leading to a total of 66 detections (an additional detection was made in a reference position, and two other pointings revealed two and four independent signals respectively). Except for 2 strong HI emitters identified in the shallow Zone of Avoidance HI survey (Henning et al. 2000), all HI detections are new. An analysis of the properties of the observed and detected galaxies prove that pointed HI observations of highly obscured galaxies allow the tracing of a population of nearby, intrinsically large and bright spiral galaxies that otherwise would not be recovered. The new data identified a previously unrecognized nearby group at l similar to 287.degrees5; b similar to -9.degrees5, V similar to 1700 km s(-1), the continuation of the Hydra/Antlia filament on the opposite side of the Galactic plane, and helped to delimit a distinct void in the ZOA centered at 2000 km s(-1).

We report here on extragalactic large-scale structures uncovered by a deep optical survey for galaxies behind the southern Milky Way. Systematic visual inspection of the ESO/SRC survey revealed over 10000 previously unknown galaxies in the region 265° ≲ l ≲ 340°, ∣b∣ ≲ 10°. With subsequently obtained redshifts of more than 10% of these galaxies, new structures across the Milky Way are unveiled, such as a filament at ∼2500 km s−1 connecting to the Hydra and Antlia clusters, a shallow extended superduster in Vela (∼6000 km s−1), and a nearby (4882 km s−1), very massive (M ∼ 2 – 5 × 1015M☉), rich Coma-like cluster which seems to constitute the previously unidentified centre of the Great Attractor.The innermost part of the Milky Way, where the foreground obscuration in the blue is AB ≳ 5m, i.e. where HI-column densities Nhi ≳ 6·1021cm−2, remains fully opaque. In this approximately 8° wide strip, the forthcoming blind HI survey with the multibeam system at Parkes will provide the only tool to unveil this part of the extragalactic sky.

A deep optical galaxy search in the southern Milky Way – aimed at reducing the width of the Zone of Avoidance – revealed 3279 galaxy candidates above the diameter limit of , of which only 112 (3.4%) were previously catalogued. The surveyed region ( and ) lies in the extension of the Hydra and Antlia clusters – where a supercluster is suspected – and in the approximate direction of the dipole anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation. Here we present the optical properties of the unveiled galaxies such as positions, diameters, magnitudes, morphological types, including a detailed discussion on the quality of these data and the completeness limits as a function of the foreground dust extinction. For 127 of the 227 positional matches in the IRAS PSC, a reliable cross-identification could be found. Several distinct overdensities and filaments of galaxies can be identified that are apparently uncorrelated with the Galactic foreground extinction hence the probable signature of extragalactic large-scale structures. This catalog constitutes the first part in a series of five equally conducted optical searches for galaxies in the southern Milky Way (). With these surveys, the entire Zone of Avoidance will have been covered by means of visual inspection. The catalogs build the basis for various spectroscopic and photometric follow-up programs which eventually will allow a thorough analyse of the galaxy distribution in redshift space and the peculiar velocity fields within the Zone of Avoidance, as well an an improved understanding of the Galactic foreground extinction.

Spectral classifications in the two-dimensional system are given for 53 additional O stars in the southern hemisphere. A number of these stars are members of the interesting clusters NGC 3324, Trumpler 14/16, NGC 3603, and NGC 6334, which are discussed in particular. A 4-m H-alpha photograph of the remarkable nebulosities associated with NGC 6334 is reproduced.

view Abstract Citations (13) References (18) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Searches for faint OB stars in the Southern Milky Way. III. The Circinus-Norma region. Orsatti, A. M. ; Muzzio, J. C. Abstract A search for faint OB stars covering an area of 57 sq deg in the Circinus and Norma regions resulted in the discovery of 164 OB stars and two early-type supergiants; the blue magnitude range of the survey is about 12.0 ≤ B ≤ 15.0 mag. Only 8% of the stars found had been previously recognized as OB stars; about 17% of them show hydrogen line emission. Publication: The Astronomical Journal Pub Date: March 1980 DOI: 10.1086/112671 Bibcode: 1980AJ.....85..265O Keywords: B Stars; Milky Way Galaxy; O Stars; Stellar Spectrophotometry; Astronomical Photography; Photographs; Supergiant Stars; Astronomy full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (333) Author (1) Related Materials (2) Part 1: 1977AJ.....82..345M Part 2: 1977AJ.....82..474M

view Abstract Citations (2) References (24) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS A kinematic study of faint OB stars in the Southern Milky Way. Bassino, L. P. Abstract Radial velocities are presented for 70 faint OB stars in Vela, Centaurus, Circinus, and Norma. The measurements were performed on image-tube spectra of dispersion 43 Å/mm obtained at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The mean radial velocities of the stars belonging to the Centaurus OB1 and Norma OB1 associations indicate that they follow the galactic rotation. Stars in Vela and Circinus show deviations from pure rotation when compared to the mean rotation curve of the Galaxy at the corresponding longitudes. Publication: The Astronomical Journal Pub Date: November 1985 DOI: 10.1086/113928 Bibcode: 1985AJ.....90.2249B Keywords: B Stars; Milky Way Galaxy; O Stars; Southern Sky; Stellar Luminosity; Stellar Motions; Kinematics; Radial Velocity; Stellar Rotation; Stellar Spectrophotometry; Astrophysics full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (41)

view Abstract Citations (18) References (18) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Searches for faint OB stars in the southern Milky Way. I. The Coalsack region. Muzzio, J. C. ; Orsatti, A. M. Abstract A search for faint OB stars covering an area of about 25 sq deg in the Coalsack region resulted in the discovery of 253 OB stars, two early-type supergiants, and a likely white dwarf; the blue magnitude range of the survey is about 12.0< B < 15.0 mag. About 85% of the stars found had not been previously recognized as OB stars and less than 10% of them had been recognized as emission-line objects. Relevant data of the stars discovered are presented in Table I and finding charts on Plates Il-VIl. The bulk of the OB+ and OB0 stars within from the center of the region have true distance moduli in the range 12.5< V0- M < 14.5 mag and color excesses in the range l.O<EB <2.0 mag. Publication: The Astronomical Journal Pub Date: May 1977 DOI: 10.1086/112056 Bibcode: 1977AJ.....82..345M Keywords: Astronomical Catalogs; B Stars; Milky Way Galaxy; O Stars; Position (Location); Stellar Magnitude; Stellar Spectrophotometry; Supergiant Stars; Ubv Spectra; White Dwarf Stars; Astronomy full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (257) Author (1) Related Materials (2) Part 2: 1977AJ.....82..474M Part 3: 1980AJ.....85..265O