Abstract
AbstractThe successful development of future photonic quantum technologies will much depend on the possibility of realizing robust and scalable nanophotonic devices. These should include quantum emitters like on‐demand single‐photon sources and non‐linear elements, provided their transition linewidth is broadened only by spontaneous emission. However, conventional strategies to on‐chip integration, based on lithographic processes in semiconductors, are typically detrimental to the coherence properties of the emitter. Moreover, such approaches are difficult to scale and bear limitations in terms of geometries. Here an alternative platform is discussed, based on molecules that preserve near‐Fourier‐limited fluorescence even when embedded in polymeric photonic structures. 3D patterns are achieved via direct laser writing around selected molecular emitters, with a fast, inexpensive, and scalable fabrication process. By using an integrated polymeric design, detected photon counts of about 2.4 Mcps from a single cold molecule are reported. The proposed technology will allow for competitive organic quantum devices, including integrated multi‐photon interferometers, arrays of indistinguishable single‐photon sources, and hybrid electro‐optical nanophotonic chips.
Highlights
The successful development of future photonic quantum technologies will end, the required efficiency in processing and detecting quantum states can be promuch depend on the possibility of realizing robust and scalable nanophotonic moted by an effective coupling of quantum devices
By taking into account the six devices on gold on which the saturation curve has been measured, a good success rate is achieved, with the maximum photon counts at the detector being always above 0.8 Mcps. This result can be further optimized by integrating fluorescence imaging capability in the direct laser writing (DLW) workstation, and by employing NCs doped with single-molecule concentration
We have demonstrated the fast, efficient integration of single molecule quantum emitters in 3D polymeric structures, realizing a competitive organic photonic platform, leveraging the versatility of polymeric materials
Summary
Single PAHs are excellent candidates as non-classical light sources,[25,26,27,28,29] non-linear elements at the few photon level,[30,31,32] and nano-scale sensors for electric fields, pressure, and strain.[33,34,35,36,37,38] Recently they have been successfully integrated in open optical cavities[32,39] and antennas,[40] and evanescently coupled to nanoguides[36,41] and waveguides.[42,43,44] Here, in Figure 1, we present three different light collecting devices, 3D-carved in polymers, and each fully embedding a nanocrystal with fluorescent molecules. In this case the nanocrystal is completely enveloped at the middle-point of the structure, to efficiently route fluorescence throughout the silica substrate. G–i) Fluorescence maps attesting the persistence of molecular emission after fabrication, acquired at room temperature and collected from the top in the micro-dome designs (d,e) and through the substrate in the waveguide geometry (f). These results are a relevant indication that the proposed polymeric platform is a reliable technique to embed single molecules in a photonic circuit
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