Abstract
This chapter presents an attempt to assess inequalities in the distribution of health impacts associated with urban structure and transport system of a city. In particular, this contribution builds upon the opportunities offered by longitudinal studies—a census-based cohort study following up, prospectively, the mortality and morbidity of the population—as influential sources of data to understand how a “bad” externality can cause different health impacts. The method was tested on the city of Turin—a medium-sized urban agglomeration in North-West Italy—as a case study. The inequalities in mental health distribution were analyzed according to different factors such as urban structure, public transport accessibility, and other proximity services, considering the individuals socioeconomic status, gender, and other vulnerabilities, as well as the residential location and the social context. The results were then used to inform and involve the decision makers in a Health Equity Audit process aimed at reducing health inequalities in the city.
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