Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the application of polarography in biochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Biochemistry and pharmacy belong to the disciplines where polarography plays a significant role, articularly as an analytical method. Polarographic activity of substances results from their ability to be reduced or oxidized on the electrode. The qualitative determination is connected with the oxidation or reduction potential of the substances to be determined. Polarographic quantitative determination is carried out by comparison with a standard of known composition. The absolute measurement of the concentration is possible but often inconvenient. Polarography is not only an analytical method, but also a method for the determination of stability constants of various complexes, and rate constants of many reactions; sometimes, it can assist in determining the structure of an organic molecule. Recent methods that increase the sensitivity of the determination are alternating current (a.c.) polarography and square-wave polarography. Both methods are more useful for determining reversibly behaving systems than for those with irreversible electrode processes.
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