Abstract
Any investigation of a nuclear thermal-hydraulic issue either by hand calculations or using more or less sophisticated simulation tools requires first a difficult selection of the right degree of simplification of equations depending on the situation and on the expected accuracy and reliability of the solution. An effort is made to present the subject in steps of increasing difficulty and to show differences and similarities between balance equations in system thermal-hydraulics and in computational fluid-dynamics. This may help the reader to find his own path toward the understanding of the complex nuclear thermal-hydraulics. Attention is drawn on the physical assumptions and simplifications used in the derivation of equations and on the resulting limitations of the predictive capabilities. The chapter gives a picture of the available models with an evaluation of the predictive capabilities, the limitations, and the maturity of each model.
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