Abstract
This chapter discusses data exchange. Individual computers and other devices such as CNC machine tools, robots, and inspection machines work well to automate single jobs, but greater productivity may be obtained if these islands of automation are linked. Two types of links are required: (1) a physical link and (2) an information link. The former is provided by material handling systems, while the latter is provided by data communications systems. Information links enable timely exchange of information between devices and sharing of such resources as programs, storage space, databases, and computational powers, all essential for efficient factory integration. They help automate the information system and facilitate the conduct and coordination of activities ranging from those on the shop floor to those in the office. The data communications system can have a powerful effect on the efficiency of the factory, and its introduction must therefore be properly planned. No particular data communications system is best for all applications.
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