3D scanning technology as a standard archaeological tool for pottery analysis: practice and theory

8 - Importance of sizing and fit using 3D technology

The technology of the 4th industrial revolution is providing opportunities to improve productivity in various fields including the construction industry. The level of activation of domestic smart construction technology is on the rise, and especially the technology linking 3D scanning and BIM improves the efficiency of management in the construction and maintenance stages. In this study, we are to increase the timeliness of quality inspection by applying 3D scanning technology to frame work with high dependence on manpower during construction work. In this study used case of applying technology. The precision of rebar construction by converting the subject of the study into data that can be analyzed through a three-step 3D scanning process and comparing it with a 3D BIM model based on design drawings was identified by case study. The result of the study showed that it was possible to compare the rebar spacing in the design drawing and the rebar spacing of the actual rebar. When 3D scanning technology was applied based on the research results, it was found that it is a highly efficient method compared to the existing method in the operation of the work type. Therefore, it is thought that it will be possible to contribute to the improvement of the competitiveness of the construction industry by securing examples of applying the 4th industrial revolution technology to various types of work and using it for future research.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe how 3D printing and scanning technology was implemented by the Dalhousie University Libraries in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Insights will be outlined about the benefits of these technologies in terms of data visualization and archival practices, as well as the potential user base for library‐centered 3D printing and scanning services.Design/methodology/approachThis paper describes why the Dalhousie University Libraries purchased a 3D printer and scanner, the challenges of maintaining these technologies and instructing students in their use, and how Dalhousie faculty members and students have made use of these technologies for their own research purposes.Findings3D printing and scanning technologies can be of use to a much wider range of Faculties than have traditionally had access to them. The unique role libraries have on university campuses allows them to function as universal access points for these technologies. By offering 3D scanning technology, they can also use this technology internally for archival purposes.Originality/valueWhile much has been written on 3D printing and scanning technology, very little has been written about how these technologies could relate to academic libraries. This paper sets the groundwork for further exploration into how 3D technologies can improve and expand library services.

The development of 3D technology allows the digitisation of cultural heritage objects. Despite the fact that 3D scanning technology is not fully developed, it offers great opportunities for recording spatial data. Three-dimensional digital recording can be made for museum exhibits as well as for historic architectural objects. The method used is a non-invasive (non-contact) method, which is a significant advantage when working with historic buildings. The use of 3D scanners makes it possible to reduce the risk of damage to the monument. The application of a safe method of 3D scanning facilitates digital archiving of objects, which gives many possibilities of their use. One of them is digital dissemination of three-dimensional models and even making replicas using 3D printing technology. These types of models make it possible to reach a wide audience. First of all, they provide access to monuments for people with special needs, who currently constitute over a dozen percent of the population. In particular, they are the elderly, sick or people with various types of disabilities, e.g. motionally or visually impaired people. Literature analysis as well as conversations with dysfunctional people show that 3D digitisation of cultural heritage objects is needed and expected. The article presents an example of the use of modern 3D technologies for the dissemination of cultural heritage on the example of objects from the area of the Silk Road. A two-track process of making small museum artefacts available is presented. The first track concerns making objects available in the form of interactive digital 3D models placed on websites. The second one uses real models printed in 3D technology, which can be made available to visually impaired people. The work discusses the course of joint activities to prepare these 3D models and specialised activities that are necessary to make both versions of 3D models for presentation on the web and for kinaesthetic cognition, i.e. by touch. The authors’ actions resulted in the preparation of 3D models of historic vessels from the turn of the 11th/12th centuries from the ancient city of Afrasiyab – a suburb of modern Samarkand in Uzbekistan.

This paper is centered on applying 3D omnidirectional scanning technology to design natural textured fabrics to explore its functionality in psychological healing. The therapeutic potential of fabric art has been widely recognized due to the prevalence of psychological stress in modern society. This study uses 3D omnidirectional scanning technology to scan knitted textures, optimize fabric texture models, and conduct experimental research and material development using elevation and lighting angles. The size, Angle, color, and other factors that affect the experiment of knitted materials were tested, and eight convenient materials were selected for psychological experiments. A two-week experiment was conducted to record and analyze changes in the psychological state of 30 subjects (15 men and 15 women). It was obtained that the intervention group using simulated fabrics decreased from an average of 38.14 to 27.25 in the level of mental awareness, which was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.01). In terms of mental health indicators, the intervention group showed significant improvement in depression, anxiety, and other dimensions. Using 3D omnidirectional scanning technology to simulate natural texture fabric design positively enhances mental awareness and improves mental health, which has a promising potential for psychological healing.

With the continuous progress of computer and laser measurement technology, non-contact measurement based on laser scanning technology has been more and more applied in the industrial production process. Since the 1990s, 3D laser scanning technology used as a new technology has been developed rapidly. The 3D laser scanning technology, also known as High Definition Surveying (HDS), was based on the principle of laser ranging. The technology on the surface of a measured object can record some features of large dense points, including 3d coordinates, reflectance and texture information, so as to rapidly reconstruct 3D models of a measured target and various map data such as the line, the surface and the body. Meanwhile, it is a revolutionary leap that the technology improves the traditional single point measurement to the surface measurement, and realizes the digital reconstruction of the objects. Especially, for some conditions such as contact measurement and complex component detection that cannot be measured, 3D laser scanning technology has a natural advantage in the field of industrial design and measurement .

Recently, 3D body scanning technology has been deployed in many airports around the world for security purposes and in many other places for research, health care and apparel industry purposes. However, the accuracy of the images of the human body that these scanners produce has raised privacy and ethical issues among researchers and the general public. Many questions about whether and how these scanners violate privacy have been raised. In this paper, privacy and ethical issues surrounding 3D body scanning technology are discussed and reviewed, as well as the question of how can we utilize this scanning technology without compromising our privacy. In addition, this paper higlights the usfullness of 3D body scanning in the clothing industry, as this is an emerging market for efficient data collection for better-fitting clothing, and reviews the issues of violating privacy when conducting anthropometric surveys.

3D body scanning technology has emerged in the retail industry by providing easy access to consumers. The technology has been incorporated with virtual-try-on (VTO) services to capture the accurate size of the human body and to provide user-centric experiences to online consumers. While consumers can have their body images scanned and shared with retailers, it raises concerns related to body information security and privacy. With the concern implied, the purpose of this study is to understand the role of consumers’ interaction experience with Avatar-based VTO services in alleviating consumer concerns related to body information privacy to adopt 3D body scanning technology. By adopting the privacy calculus theory and stimulus-organism-response model, the dataset (n = 285) was collected from an online experiment. The direct and indirect paths (i.e., mediation and serial mediation effects) were analyzed by adopting the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. This study finds body information privacy concerns negatively influence the future adoption of 3D body scanning technology while the perception of interactive features (i.e., perceived control, perceived responsiveness) of the VTO service positively enhances the future adoption. The result also indicates that the negative effects of privacy concerns can be mitigated through consumer experiences enhanced by the personalization and responsiveness features of the VTO service. This study contributes to the literature and industry by examining the potential role of consumers’ interactive experiences in reducing their concerns about body information privacy.

This study aimed at establishing the influence of resource planning on successful completion of water projects in semi-arid areas in Kenya with a specific focus on Machakos County. The target population consisted of 648 representative beneficiaries of water projects in Machakos County, Water Management committee members, Sub-County water officers and Machakos County Local Coordinators who are involved in water projects in Machakos County. A sample of 241 respondents was selected using purposive and simple random sampling procedures. The study had a response rate of 70.5%. Descriptive and inferential statistic was employed to analyze the quantitative data. From the simple linear regression conducted, the findings revealed resource Planning influences successful completion of water projects meaning that there was positive relationship between resource planning and successful completion of water projects in semi-Arid Areas. The study recommends the need for legislative authorities to increase statutory allocation to help enhance successful completion of water projects.

Kultūros paveldo tyrimai ir išsaugojimas yra vienas iš pagrindinių šių dienų visuomenės iššūkių, susijusių su daugelių šiandienos socialinių, kultūrinių, technologinių aktualijų. Šiomis sąlygomis daugumai orga­nizacijų kyla išteklių, būtinų visaverčiam paveldo monitoringui ir išsaugojimui, problema. Ypač tai ryšku šalyse, kurių BVP yra mažesnis ar politinė situacija ne tokia stabili. Straipsnyje aptariamas vienas galimų šios problemos sprendimų: informacijos valdymo metodologija grįsto požiūrio ir 3D lazerinio skenavimo technologijų taikymas kultūros paveldo srityje. Straipsnyje aptariami du tirti paveldo atvejai (pilkapiai ir Vilniaus senamiestis), siejami su dviem skirtingo informacinio pobūdžio uždavinių sprendimais – pusiau automatinės paveldo objektų paieškos natūraliame kraštovaizdyje ir paveldo objektų kaitos monitorin­go metodologijos.

A cost-benefit analysis of 3D scanning technology for crime scene investigation

Nowadays, digital document is becoming the standard way of working: travellers have lighter bags but mainly transmission of such documents is faster, and their use is far more convenient to search into them. Consequently, digitalizing physical paper is also very common: many people own a scanner at home. But what about objects? 3D artefacts also need to be digital. CAD software is nearly always used by enterprises for designing their product. But what about old objects, old machines, 100 years older or even more? These basics of technical knowledge have also to be digitalized. 3D scanning technologies are fully emerging in Industrial Engineering. Our scientific researches are targeted on old objects issued from heritage. We propose to virtualize them. But 3D scanning technologies need to be customized as we are working with patrimony where sometimes it is impossible to lighten the object or to move it. The aim of this communication is to define a methodology using a decision tree with adapted operators for digitalizing old objects respecting patrimony conditions. In addition, we illustrate our research with two examples where it has been used digitalizing technologies.

Current status and applications of 3D scanning in dentistry

This paper aims to present implementation of modern land survey using unconventional technologies namely 3D scanning technology and the advantages of its use in her area of terrestrial communication ways. 3D scanning provides a closer perspective to reality on the Earth's surface. Development of technologies for collecting and processing information currently allows achieving lifelike models as spectacular as it is useful. Currently 3D scanning technique is pervasive in most areas but especially in engineering for modeling of land surfaces, roads, urban space etc.

Preservation of immovable cultural heritage is one of the main challenges for contemporary society. Nowadays very often organizations responsible for heritage management constantly have to deal with lack of resources, which are crucial for proper heritage preservation, maintaining and protection.The possible solution of these problems could be automated heritage monitoring, based on the 3D and AI technologies. 3D scanning technology is the most accurate method to capture the situation of an evolving cultural heritage object or complex at a given time. As a cultural heritage object or complex is evolving continuously, AI based comparison of two 3D point clouds created at different time allow to reliably trace potential changes. Proposed solution is realized by project financed by Research Council of Lithuania „Automated monitoring of urban heritage implementing 3D technologies”. The first results of the project are presented at this article.