Abstract
Due to excellent biocompatibility and favorable mechanical properties, polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) scaffolds are becoming the next-generational orthopaedic implants, but the bioinertness limits their application. In this study, to improve the osteogenic activity of PEEK scaffolds, porous composite scaffolds containing PEEK and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) were achieved by 3D printing, which exhibited equilateral triangular profile with the porosity of 69.4 ± 6.3 % and elastic modulus of 186.2 ± 10.9 MPa. The EDS mapping images and XPS spectra indicated increased P and Ca elements in PEEK-BCP scaffolds. The results of in vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated that the introduction of BCP significantly increased the osteogenic capacity of PEEK scaffolds and the obvious bone ingrowth could be observed. In conclusion, compared with pure PEEK scaffolds, PEEK-BCP scaffolds with better osteogenic activity are more promising in the orthopaedic and craniofacial field.
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