3-2EXTRACRANIAL ARTERIAL PLAQUE CHARACTERISTICS IN ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS AT DR. M.DJAMIL HOSPITAL 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Atherosclerosis in carotid arteries cause more than 80% cerebral thromboembolism cases. One of the diagnostic modalities to evaluate the plaque's characteristics is using duplex carotid ultrasonography. In general, the risk of stroke depends on the degree of stenosis, surface, and morphology of formed plaque. Objective: This study aims to determine the characteristics of extracranial arterial plaque in ischemic stroke patients. Method: This study uses a descriptive design. The data was secondary data obtained from the Neurology Department of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, Padang medical records from January to December 2019. Results: From 140 ischemic stroke patients who underwent duplex carotid ultrasonography, extracranial carotid artery stenosis was found in 30 patients (21%) consist of 17 males (56%). Most patients (80%) are in 45–65 years age group. The mean age is 46 years. Right carotid artery stenosis was found in 18 patients (60%) and left in 12 patients (40%). The degree of stenosis <50% and 50–70% were obtained in 12 patients (40%), respectively, and the degree of stenosis > 70% were obtained in 6 patients (20%). Based on plaque morphology, the soft plaque was found in 18 patients (60%), and a hard plaque was found in 12 patients (40%). Ulcerative plaques were obtained in 17 patients (57%) and non-ulserative in 13 patients (43%). Conclusion: Extracranial artery stenosis is more common in men with 45–65 years of group age. The location of stenosis is more often found in the right carotid artery. The most common degree of stenosis is <70%. Most of the plaque has soft plaque morphology, and the surface has of ulcerated plaque morphology.