Abstract
The development of instrumentation for internal fixation of the spine has dramatically improved the surgeon’s ability to successfully provide surgical intervention for a wide variety of spinal disorders. Internal fixation leads to higher fusion rates and provides more powerful means of correcting spinal deformities. Also, spinal instrumentation allows for the reduction or elimination of the need for postoperative external bracing. Over the past 45 years, there has been an astounding increase in the variety of instrumentation available to provide internal spinal fixation. Surgeons are now able to select a specific type of implant that is best suited to address an individual patient’s problem. In the last 10 years, there has been a greater interest in dynamic stabilization technologies and tools for minimally invasive surgery. An improved understanding of biomechanics and clinical experience with today’s instrumentation should promote further advancement in internal fixation and even better patient outcomes in the present and the future.
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