Abstract
The process of detecting faults and rectifying the circuit to restore normal operating condition is called “troubleshooting.” This chapter discusses the basic troubleshooting techniques used in electrical circuits. Generally, any basic circuit that has a load and energy source has circuit paths where current flows in a closed circuit between two electrically unequal potential points. Generally electrical problems can be classified under two broad types. Firstly, a connection does not exist where it should. This is an open circuit fault and can be detected using a continuity tester. Secondly, a connection exists where none should. This is called a short-circuit fault and can lead to excessive current accompanied by mechanical forces and heating of circuit conductors. Such fault happens due to insulation failures and can be detected using insulation testing instruments. While troubleshooting, a number of points need to be checked including continuity of path or resistance, electric potential at two points of the path or voltage, and flow of electrons through the path. Usually troubleshooting is done with a disconnected power supply, but in some circumstances, faultfinding is only possible if the circuit is live.
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