Abstract
The quantum Hall effect is one of the most remarkable phenomena in condensed matter physics discovered in the second half of the 20th century. In 1980 Klaus von Klitzing [1], who was investigating the magneto-galvanometric properties of the two-dimensional electron gas in high quality Silicon MOSFET in presence of high magnetic field, observed plateaus at integer multiples of the fundamental conductance quantum e 2=h in the Hall conductance and a vanishing longitudinal resistivity at a very low temperature (≈ 1o K). This phenomena is known as Integer Quantum Hall Effect (IQHE) (see Fig. 1).KeywordsLandau LevelEdge StateExtended StateHall ConductanceFractional QuantumThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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