Abstract
Contamination of soil, water, and air with mercury led to human and environmental toxicity. It can impair human metabolism, central nervous system, and the immune system, posing a serious threat to life systems. Mercury content in the environment has originated from industrial activities like coal combustion. Therefore, novel methodologies for fabricating environmentally safe, efficient, and cost-effective materials for selective detection and removal of Hg (II) are severely needed. For mercury removal, intensive research is being conducted on the production of different nanomaterials including polymers, nanosheets, porous materials, and magnetic nanocomposites. This is because they have a high elimination rate, real-time detection, quick response, high selectivity, and low detection limit. The performance of emerging technologies using these materials was investigated using methodologies such as precipitation, adsorption/desorption, and oxidation/reduction. The application of these new advanced materials to combat mercury contamination is the subject of this chapter.
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