Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the use of Xenopus oocytes for the expression of cloned genes. The injection of amphibian oocytes was one of the first systems in which purified DNA was correctly transcribed and expressed as protein. An amphibian oocyte is a single large cell, surrounded by several thousand small follicle cells. It is in meiotic prophase, and active in RNA and protein synthesis, but totally inactive in DNA synthesis. The transcription of injected DNA takes place only in the nucleus or germinal vesicle of an oocyte, which is not normally visible. Gene isolation usually requires at least partially pure mRNA for the preparation of cDNA or for screening a genomic DNA library directly. As oocytes were first used for translating mRNA, cell-free systems have been greatly improved and generally have a lower background than oocytes.
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