Abstract
Sand and gravel beaches are particularly sensitive to changes in sea level, storm frequency/intensity, wave climate, and sediment fluxes. Where sediment delivery outpaces the creation of accommodation space, net progradation may allow for the preservation of records of long-term environmental changes, and how the coastal system has responded to them. This chapter reviews the formational mechanisms and autogenic and allogenic processes responsible for the morphologic characteristics and sedimentary architecture of sand- and gravel-dominated progradational coastal systems, including the preservation potential of paleo-environmental archives, across geological and coastal settings, climatic zones, and sea-level histories. We then present global examples of coastal sedimentologic archives of paleo-environmental change and associated morphodynamic responses. Remaining research challenges and future opportunities for the archive of long-term shoreline change include enhanced quantification through field-model integration.
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