Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the extraction of water-soluble enzymes and proteins from membranes. Two classes of water-soluble proteins have been isolated from membranes. The first of these includes those proteins and enzymes which are present in the space which the membrane surrounds, but are not true components of the membrane itself. The second class of proteins and enzymes are intrinsic components of the membrane which, when separated from their normal lipid environment, acquire the characteristics of classical water-soluble proteins. The chapter discusses several chemical and physical methods employed for the extraction of water-soluble enzymes and proteins from membranes. Exposure to sonic vibrations has proved to be an effective means of disrupting cells and subcellular membranes and also has been widely used as an aid in solubilizing membrane proteins. The efficiency of solubilization of membrane proteins by sonic oscillations is influenced by the power output of the instrument, the duration of exposure and the volume of material processed. Mechanical tissue and cell homogenizers have not been widely used to solubilize membrane proteins. Proteins such as cytochrome c may be associated with membrane components such as protein or phospholipid through electrostatic interactions.
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