Abstract
This chapter reviews a broad variety of sensing applications focused on the specific characteristics of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). PNCs are the combination of nanoparticles (discontinuous phase) and polymers (continuous phase). Polymer and inorganic nanoparticles are highly importance for biological and chemical sensing because they improve the detection signal, increase the physical and chemical stability of the probe, and enable surface modification for specific targeting. These novel and unique properties of PNCs have attracted the significant attention of researchers around the world. In this chapter, different types of PNCs are discussed, including molecular imprinting polymers and inorganic particles, stimuli-responsive nanogels, stimuli-responsive polymers doped with nanomaterials, and stimuli-responsive polymers modified with nanoparticles. In addition, different analysts detected using PNCs in biomedicine, agriculture, water, air, soil, and so forth are discussed. PNC sensors have several limitations such as their high cost and low reliability and stability. However, the incorporation of technologies such as data analysis and wireless networks in the development of wearable PNC sensors has shown promising performance and reliability for different applications.
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