Abstract
Background: Understanding trends in health habits of people with diabetes can inform interventions to improve lifestyle management. Design: We used data from non-pregnant adults aged 18 and older with self-reported diabetes participating in cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010, 2011-2014, and 2015-2018. Self-reported lifestyle goals included: healthy eating (consumption of added sugar, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains), physical activity, weight management, sleep, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use. Methods: For each period, proportions of adults with diabetes who met each recommended lifestyle goal were estimated overall and by sociodemographic characteristics. Results: During 2007-2010, in adjusted analyses, 63.4% of adults with diabetes met added sugar recommendations, 68.8% did not smoke, 66.5% met alcohol consumption goals, 32.8% reported adequate sleep, 67.1% reported engaging in weight management, and 26.5% met physical activity goals. From 2007-2010 to 2015-2018, proportions of adults with diabetes meeting sleep (difference: +16.7; 95% CI: 10.6, 22.8) and physical activity (difference: +8.31; 95%CI: 3.8, 12.8) goals increased. Proportions meeting the added sugar goal (difference: -8.8; 95% CI -14.7,-2.9) decreased, while no significant changes in tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and weight management were seen. There were significant variations in added sugar consumption, physical activity, and weight management by older age, lower education level, and tighter glycemic control. Discussion: There has been little improvement in health habits among most adults with diabetes, although adults aged 65 years and older or had lower educational attainment significantly increased sleep and physical activity. Disclosure M.K.Shah: None. N.Gandrakota: None. K.R.Siegel: None. M.K.Ali: Advisory Panel; Bayer Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Research Support; Merck & Co., Inc. Funding National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (5K23MD015088-03); Emory University School of Medicine; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; COVID-19 Fund to Retain Clinical Scientists; National Institutes of Health (UL1TR002378)
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