Abstract
To evaluate the safety of ivermectin microemulsion injection, 100 Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally at 0.38 g/kg, 0.19 g/kg, and 0.1 g/kg for 14 days. The 14-day repeated toxicity test of ivermectin microemulsion injection was systematically evaluated by clinical observation, organ coefficient, hematological examination, clinical chemistry examination, and histopathological examination. The results showed that no rats died during the test. At the initial stage of treatment, the rats in the high dose group had mild clinical reaction, which disappeared after 4 days. Clinical chemistry showed that the high dose of ivermectin microemulsion could cause significant changes in ALT and LDH parameters in male rats; high and medium doses could increase the liver coefficients of male and female rats. The toxic target organ may be the liver as indicated by histopathological findings. No significant toxic injury was found in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, ovary, and testes of all groups of rats. No drug-related toxic effects were found at low doses, and thus the NOVEL of ivermectin microemulsion injection was 0.19 g/kg.
Highlights
Ivermectin (IVM) is a new macrolide antibiotic insect repellent, which has the advantages of high efficiency, broad spectrum and low toxicity
After intraperitoneal injection of ivermectin microemulsion, slight clinical reactions such as sluggish, curled up, slow movement and disheveled coat were observed in the high dose group at the beginning, but the symptoms disappeared 4 days later
The effects of high doses of ivermectin microemulsion injection were more pronounced in female rats
Summary
Ivermectin (IVM) is a new macrolide antibiotic insect repellent, which has the advantages of high efficiency, broad spectrum and low toxicity. Ivermectin can be used to kill nematodes and other endoparasites with an effect of 94–100% [1, 2] It has a good killing effect on the larvae of Gastrophilus intestinalis, Oestrus ovis, and the other ectoparasites, such as Psoroptidae, Linognathidae Enderlein, Sarcoptes scabiei, Haematopinus suis in bovine, ovis and swine [3,4,5]. It is a safe and ideal drug for repelling endoparasites and ectoparasites, which is the most widely used in animal production. It inhibits protein transmission between inhibitory motor neurons and muscles, but has little effect on excitatory neuromuscular transmission [6]
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