Abstract
This chapter focuses on the modern material culture studies. The archaeological study of modern material culture traces its theoretical foundation to recent changes in what archaeologists perceive as their research domain. Cultural anthropology, sociology, cultural and urban geography, environmental psychology, and a variety of other behavioral sciences study recent and contemporary society. The most obvious characteristic of modern material culture studies is their usefulness in teaching archaeology. Over the past five years, the direction of student projects has expanded from the tests of general premises to include tests of a variety of specific techniques and principles. Some cemetery studies have implications for the archaeological interpretation of changes in a society's economic viability and internal social structure. The potential of modern material culture studies to develop and validate archaeological principles provides the rationale for current ethnoarchaeological analyses of small communities in nonindustrial societies.
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