Abstract
Economical production of healthy crops demands monitoring the condition of the field and growth of crops as well as the quality of the products. Sensors and electronic noses (e-noses) along with cyber-physical systems play a crucial role in developing such automated systems. Many factors including soil moisture, soil composition, temperature, the dose of pesticides, and the amount of fertilizer influence the growth of plants and ultimately the yield of agricultural products. The demands for monitoring the field conditions and assessing the quality of crops have invoked the development of various types of solid-state sensors which include gravimetric, electrochemical, optical, chemi-resistive, capacitive, etc. The present chapter will provide a comprehensive review and insightful discussions on the use of various discrete sensors as well as e-noses for monitoring the suitability of agricultural fields and growth of crops as well as the quality of the agricultural products. It will also provide a discussion on the opportunities and challenges of sensors and e-noses in the field of agricultural production.
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