1051 URINARY INCONTINENCE IS AN INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR FOR UPPER URINARY TRACT STONE: A NATION-WIDE POPULATION-BASED AND WITH AN 8-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY

Abstract

You have accessJournal of UrologyUrodynamics/Incontinence/Female Urology: Incontinence, Evaluation & Therapy (II)1 Apr 20131051 URINARY INCONTINENCE IS AN INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR FOR UPPER URINARY TRACT STONE: A NATION-WIDE POPULATION-BASED AND WITH AN 8-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY Hsiao-Jen Chung, Alex T.L. Lin, Chih-Chieh Lin, Tzeng-Ji Chen, and Kuang-Kuo Chen Hsiao-Jen ChungHsiao-Jen Chung Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author , Alex T.L. LinAlex T.L. Lin Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author , Chih-Chieh LinChih-Chieh Lin Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author , Tzeng-Ji ChenTzeng-Ji Chen Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author , and Kuang-Kuo ChenKuang-Kuo Chen Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.637AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Cumulative evidences indicate a tight association between urinary stone and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome has also been found to be closely linked to urinary incontinence. It is interesting and also important to know whether there is a relevant association between urinary incontinence and urinary stone. METHODS We used data sourced from Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which consists of one million randomly selected subjects from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Health Insurance System of Taiwan covers approximately 23 million people (98% of population). From 1997 to 2001, a total of 1943 subjects were diagnosed with urinary incontinence. All subjects did not have previous diagnosis of urinary stone and spinal cord injury. Of them, 383 were males and 1560 were females. A cohort of 9715 (5 for each subject with urinary incontinence) age and gender-matched subjects without the diagnosis of urinary incontinence, urinary stone and spinal cord injury were enrolled as the control group. All subjects were followed up to the end of 2009 with a minimal follow-up of 8 years. A stratified Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate the risk of upper urinary tract stone between study and control groups. RESULTS After at least 8-year follow-up, 407 (20.9%) of the 1943 study subjects and 1088 (11.2%) of the 9715 control subjects developed upper urinary tract stones. Urinary incontinence was associated with a significantly increased risk of urinary stone (hazard ratio 1.99, 95% confidence interval, 1.78 - 2.23, p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, hypertension and diabetes, the stratified Cox proportional hazards regression analysis still showed that patients with urinary incontinence were more likely to develop upper urinary tract stones than the patients without urinary incontinence. The adjusted hazard ratio is 2.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.97 - 2.48, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicate that urinary incontinence is an independent risk factor for upper urinary tract stone. For health care professionals taking care of subjects with urinary incontinence, it is important to survey subjects' urinary tract for detecting urinary stone. © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 189Issue 4SApril 2013Page: e431 Peer Review Report Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Hsiao-Jen Chung Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author Alex T.L. Lin Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author Chih-Chieh Lin Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author Tzeng-Ji Chen Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author Kuang-Kuo Chen Taipei, Taiwan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...