Abstract

Like many other countries in Europe, Sweden and Norway have a dark chapter of ignominious history involving discrimination targeting the Roma people. However, less is known about the fate of Roma people in Scandinavia during World War II, especially genocidal plans regarding the Roma and the Resande in Nazi-occupied Norway, as well as the 1942 Swedish government plan “to solve the Gypsy problem.” How strange were the ideas of Nazi racial anti-Gypsyism to wartime Sweden and Norway? What role did the different political regimes of Norway and Sweden play in the conceptualization and implementation of anti-Roma politics ? Based on archival records and recent Nordic research, this article examines the radicalization of staterun anti-Gypsyism in Scandinavian countries during World War II, with a focus on Sweden and Norway.

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