Abstract
This chapter introduces basic concepts related to risk, safety, and security in order to provide a sound theoretical framework. In particular, a specific focus is given to physical security, discussing how it should be seen in relation to safety and discussing what safety models and principles can be employed to manage the security aspects of physical threats. Next, the concepts of risk and engineering risk management are explained. Quantitative security risk evaluation is briefly explained, introducing the relevant physical security risk components, such as threat, attractiveness, vulnerability, and consequences. Security risks are then classified in order to provide a specific type of management strategy mainly based on the standard ISO framework. The chapter ends with some historical perspectives on safety and security science evolution.
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